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World History

World History. Chapter Six Section Three. Peoples of North America. Lived by hunting and gathering Farming spreads north from Mesoamerica to North America Hohokam – farmed in the desert between the Salt and Gila rivers Created irrigation system of canals to bring water to fields

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World History

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  1. World History Chapter Six Section Three

  2. Peoples of North America • Lived by hunting and gathering • Farming spreads north from Mesoamerica to North America • Hohokam – farmed in the desert between the Salt and Gila rivers • Created irrigation system of canals to bring water to fields • Built temple mounds and ball courts similar to those in Mesoamerica

  3. Anasazi • Lived in four corners region of the U.S. • Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah • Built housing in the side of cliffs • Mesa Verde – in Colorado – had 200 rooms and used ladders to reach the fields above and canyon floors below • Built pueblos – free standing houses that were several levels high, connected by doorways and ladders

  4. Pueblo Bonito • Largest Anasazi freestanding adobe building • 800 rooms, 3000 people, five stories high • Plaza was in the center of bldg. – in the middle they dug their kiva – underground chamber built for religious rituals • Droughts and war weakened the Pueblo • Descendents still live in the SW today

  5. Eastern • Adena and Hopewell – built large mounds of earth – some were burial sites, others were platforms for temples, defensive walls • Cone shaped, oval, animal shaped • Traded with other peoples – conch from the gulf, grizzly bear teeth and obsidian from the Rocky mountains, copper from the Great Lakes

  6. Cahokia • The Mississippians built large earth works in the SE • Cahokia was their greatest center in present day Illinois housed 20,000 people • 120 large mounds with houses on them • Natchez – carried on the Mississippians legacy – known for their worship of the sun • Their ruler, the Great Sun, absolute power • Ruler and family lived on the largest mound and society was divided into castes, Top = suns

  7. Inuit • Inuit = Eskimo • Lived in small groups, hunted, fished, • Used them for food, tools, clothes, oil • Used kayaks, dog sleds • Built ice homes – igloos or sod houses that were partially underground

  8. Northwest • People in the Northwest had plenty of natural resources • Rivers had salmon, Pacific ocean had fish and mammals • Deer, wolves, bears • Made homes of wood • Traded surplus and held a potlatch – in which a high member of society gave gifts to large amounts of people

  9. Iroquois • Northeast – NY • Many bands of Indians that all spoke the same language • Cleared land, women farmed, men hunted and fought wars • Iroquois league founded by Dekanawidah • Alliance between five Iroquois nations, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca – known as five nations

  10. Iroquois League • Did not always keep peace even though that was its purpose • Best organized political group north of Mexico • Nations governed their own villages but they met to discuss large issues • Only men on the council • Each tribe had a “clan mother” who could name or remove a council member • Iroquois league emerged when the Europeans came

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