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MEMORY

MEMORY. Let’s activate your memory of a special person in your life. Think of a special person in your life (past or present). Write down the first 10 words that come to mind when you think of this person. Now group these words into different categories and give the categories a heading.

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MEMORY

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  1. MEMORY

  2. Let’s activate your memory of a special person in your life. Think of a special person in your life (past or present). Write down the first 10 words that come to mind when you think of this person. Now group these words into different categories and give the categories a heading.

  3. Memory- Class starter questions • What parts of your body do you use when you form a new memory? • What parts of your brain do you use when you form a new memory? • Are all memories stored in the same region of your brain? Explain.

  4. How are new memories formed? There are 3stages in the formation of a new memory: 1) Encoding 2) Processing 3) Storage (short term and long term)

  5. 1) Memory Encoding- how does a memory get into your brain? Incoming sensory information is perceived by the senses • Vision – colour of eyes and hair • Hearing – sound of laugh • Smell – the scent of their perfume or cologne • Touch – texture of their hand

  6. Memory Encoding • Movie clip: Dr. Brian Walsh • In this segment Dr. Walsh explains how the brain encodes information • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0bzZIxo-ngk • Reading

  7. 2) Memory Processing • information from all senses is integrated by the hippocampus • the hippocampus acts as a filter • important information will get stored - unimportant information is forgotten

  8. 3) Memory Storage • memories that are deemed important enough to be kept are stored in the brain • not all information about a specific memory is stored in the same region of the brain • memories are deconstructed into parts encoded by the different senses and then stored in the region of the brain responsible for that sense ex: visual aspects of the memory (appearance) are stored in the temporal lobe

  9. Memory Storage Short Term and Long Term Memory

  10. 1) What are the 3 ways we store memories? 1- Sensory stage (encoding) 2- Short-term memory 3 - Long- term memory

  11. 2) How does the 3 stage memory storage process help us in our daily lives? Having 3 stages of memory storage allows us to filter unimportant information. Only the most relevant information will get permanently stored in our long term memory.

  12. 3) What is sensory memory? Give an example. Sensory memory is a memory that allows the perception of a sensory stimulus to last briefly after the stimulus has ended. Being able to visualize a painting when you are no longer looking at it is an example of a visual (sensory) memory.

  13. 4) Can you hold an indefinite amount of information in your short-term memory? Explain. You cannot hold an indefinite amount of information in your short-term memory because it has a limited capacity; it can only hold about seven items for no more than 20 or 30 seconds at a time.

  14. 5) How can you increase your short-term memory capacity? You can increase your short-term memory capacity by chunking large amounts of information and also by repeating information.

  15. 6) What determines which information will make it from short-term into long-term memory? Information that is used more often, repeated more often, is more importantor more relevant to your life will be more likely to be retained in long-term memory.

  16. 7) Are there certain types of information that you feel you are better at remembering? Why do you think this is? People tend to better at mentally storing material related subjects they already know something about. This information has more meaning and can be mentally connected to information that is already stored in their long-term memory.

  17. Memory Retrieval So, you can’t find your house keys? Why not? (or in other words, what factors interfere with the accurate recall of a memory?) What can you do to improve your memory?

  18. Memory Retrieval When you have a problem retrieving a memory, it may be because any one of the 3 stages of the memory formation process have failed.

  19. For example…. When you can’t find your keys it may be because: • You may not have registered clearly where you put them down to begin with. (encoding) • You may not have retained what you registered. (storage) • You may not be able to retrieve the memory accurately. (retrieval)

  20. Distractions… Distractions are the hippocampus’ worst enemy!!! • If you are distracted, you will not be able to properly encode a memory, and therefore not be able to retrieve it. • In order to remember something, it first must be properly encoded.

  21. Mismatched cues • What happens when a memory has been properly encoded but you still cannot remember it? • Sometimes, the cues you are using to retrieve that memory may not be correct. • If you are able to recall the memory at another point in time this is evidence that originally, you were using the wrong cue to recall that memory.

  22. What other factors may interfere with accurate retrieval of a memory? Stress, fear, anxiety and other such emotions deter your ability to create and retrieve strong memories.

  23. How can you improve your memory? Diet, exercise, and rest work together to improve your memory by giving vital nutrients, increased blood flow, and crucial recharging time to your brain.

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