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Memory

chapter 8 . Memory. chapter 8. Overview. Reconstructing the past The power of suggestion In pursuit of memory Three-box model of memory How we remember Why we forget Autobiographical memories. Objectives . Analyze the manufacturing of memory Describe a flashbulb memory

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Memory

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  1. chapter 8 Memory

  2. chapter 8 Overview • Reconstructing the past • The power of suggestion • In pursuit of memory • Three-box model of memory • How we remember • Why we forget • Autobiographical memories

  3. Objectives • Analyze the manufacturing of memory • Describe a flashbulb memory • List the 3 circumstances of confabulation

  4. Memory: basic info • Human Memory is an information processing system that works constructively to encode, store, and retrieve information • Same for a human or computer • Easy memory, National anthem, A.T.M, MOST EMBARRISOGN MOMENT, trillions of facts about sports teams, films, • Competent daily tasks, personal identity, (feel challenged when memories challenged • Individuals and cultures rely on remembered History= past and future

  5. chapter 8 The manufacture of memory Memory is the capacity to retain and retrieve information. Memory is a reconstructive process. Source misattribution The inability to distinguish what you originally experienced from what you heard or were told later about an event

  6. Reconstructive process • Some by rote but complex information based on what we know or think we know • Asked to remember birthday party • Draw on many sources: pictures, stories, video’s, birthdays on movies on TV. • Take bits and pieces= integrated account…but now may not be able to separate your birthday from what you added- Source misattribution

  7. chapter 8 The fading flashbulb Some unusual, shocking, or tragic events hold a special place in memory. Called flashbulb memories because of their surprise, illumination, and photographic detail Even flashbulb memories have errors.

  8. Flashbulb memories • Have survival value- remember them because they help us survive • Sep. 11, Nazi occupation • Roger Brown, James Kulik (1977) • Flashbulb because of vividness, surprise, illumination, photographic detail

  9. chapter 8 Conditions of confabulation Confabulation Confusion of an event that happened to someone else with one that happened to you, or. . . A belief that you remember something when it never actually happened Confabulation is most likely when. . . you have thought or heard about the event many times. the image of the event contains many details. the event is easy to imagine.

  10. Conditions confabulation #1 • Uncle Sam putting his hammer through the wall. Heard so many times can picture it in minds eye • Keep hearing it you feel like you were there • Imagination inflation • Kids tell them story enough, believe they were there

  11. #2 • Real events have more detail • But …Longer you think about an event more detail you put in • What uncle Sam was wearing, drinking, crumbling, plaster, people with party hats • Details persuade yourself that you were really there

  12. #3 • Can you picture uncle putting hammer through wall? • You think memory is real • But it takes effort to imagine something we have not seen or experiences • So cognitive efforts tell us it may not be a real memory • As a result may have memory that feels real but is not

  13. Summary • Define memory • Flashbulb memories • Confabulation

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