1 / 36

What is a REVOLUTION? How does the spirit of the Enlightenment encourage revolution?

What is a REVOLUTION? How does the spirit of the Enlightenment encourage revolution? How did the American Revolution (1775–83) encourage the French Revolution?. ancient regime King Louis XVI Marie Antoinette Estates General First Estate Second Estate Third Estate Bourgeoisie

akio
Download Presentation

What is a REVOLUTION? How does the spirit of the Enlightenment encourage revolution?

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. What is a REVOLUTION? How does the spirit of the Enlightenment encourage revolution? How did the American Revolution (1775–83) encourage the French Revolution?

  2. ancient regime • King Louis XVI • Marie Antoinette • Estates General • First Estate • Second Estate • Third Estate • Bourgeoisie • Sans-culottes

  3. What are the five causes of the French Revolution?

  4. First Estate: 1% = 100,000Clergy Special privileges/ no taxes/ Church courts/ wealthy from rent of land Second Estate: 400,000 Nobility 2% of the population Own 30% of the land/ paid few taxes Ancient Regime Third Estate: 97% = 24 million bourgeoisie merchants free peasants skilled workers Sans-culottes (workers of the 3rd estate) serfs ($ landlord AND church) Each estate has ONE vote in the Estates General (founded 1303, not met since 1614)

  5. First Events of the Revolution • By 1789, no group happy • Clergy and nobility lost power to monarchy • Bourgeoisie resented regulations • Poor worse off- hungry and broke • Estates General meets • Desire for reforms • Voting process a problem • Third Estate proclaimed themselves National Assembly • Tennis Court Oath

  6. Storming of the Bastille • King brought in troops • People of Paris armed themselves • Searching for weapons, a mob stormed the Bastille • Great Fear spread • King to punish the Third Estate with foreign soldiers • Rumors of massacres • Peasants destroyed records and burned nobles’ houses

  7. QUICK REVIEW: 1. What happened during the first events of the Revolution? 2. Why did a mob storm the Bastille? What was the Bastille? How was the 1789 meeting of the Estates General different from previous meetings? Did the National Assembly created by the Third Estate have the right to make laws for all of France?

  8. 5. How did the French attempt to create a NEW NATION? • National Assembly completed a constitution • Restricted the king’s power • Created the Legislative Assembly/ kept monarchy (restricted) • Gave citizens broad rights/ eliminated feudal dues • Church not eliminated but becomes a branch of the state • Assembly eliminated the First Estate’s legal privileges Declaration of the Rights of Women (Olympe de Gouges?) Page 598 • Declaration written by the National Assembly that laid out the principles • of the revolution • All men are born equal and remain equal before the law • Freedom of speech • Rights include: Liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression • All persons are held innocent until they have been declared guilty • Taxes shall be equally distributed in proportion to the means of the people

  9. Louis XVI “Accepts” the Constitution & the National Assembly. 1791

  10. RESTRICTIONS ON POWER: What was the outcome of the women’s march on Versailles? King Louis XVI hidesout in Versailles • Louis called troops to Versailles to protect his throne • 7000 women marched to Versailles (Oct 1789) for bread • Louis agreed to return to Paris and live at Tuileries Palace with his family • (Nov) National Assembly seizes church lands to pay off debt

  11. National Assembly completes constitution on 1791 • Create a new legislative body called the Legislative Assembly • Monarchs of Austria and Prussia issue warning to France… • Legislative Assembly powerless against growing violent mobs • Established more RADICAL National Convention • National Convention abolishes the monarchy • France is now a REPUBLIC

  12. C 20 Section 2: The Republic National Convention convened September 20, 1792 = RADICAL Jean-Paul Marat

  13. Chapter 20 section 2: The Republic A Radical Government: Factions in the New Government/Radical Leaders A Radical Government: Execution of the King/ Tightening Control/ Transforming Society

  14. The National Convention voted387 to 334 to execute the monarchs. January 21, 1793

  15. 3. The Reign of Terror/ An Outbreak of Civil war/ Accusations and Trials 4. The Reign of Terror/ Death by Guillotine/ The Terror’s Victims

  16. Reign of Terror ? 40,000 Killed in 10 months 300,000 Imprisoned No God!No Religion!No King!No Constitution

  17. The Monster Guillotine: Last guillotine execution was in 1939!

  18. Execution of Robespierre: July 27.1794

  19. 1795: yet another constitution Elected a governing board called the Directory Some of the same problems existed: high prices, bankruptcy, citizen unrest

  20. Effects of the French Revolution on: Monarchy? Clergy? Nobility? Peasants?

  21. Sensory Figure: The Third Estate (15 pts) Draw in 3 dialog or thought boxes about how the Third Estate may have experienced the French Revolution during three separate time periods. (9 total) What would the Third Estate have been THINKING during this time period of change (the thought bubbles), as well as what they were SAYING and FEELING and DOING. BE AS CREATIVE AS POSSIBLE. 5 pts= at least 3 dialog/ thought boxes reacting to the revolution at three different stages 5 pts= at least 3 boxes describing what the Third Estate may have been saying, feeling or doing during three different stages of the revolution 5 pts = neat, legible, time and effort clear

  22. Key Events during Napoleon's Reign: • 1803 Louisiana Purchase • 1804 Coronation of Napoleon as • Emperor Napoleon I • Continental System = prohibited • France or allied ships from trading • With Great Britain (failed) • Reforms: • Concordat= recognized the • influence of the Catholic Church but • did not return any control over • national affairs to the church • Bank of France = more efficient • Tax system, regulate the economy • Legal and Educational • Reforms= • Napoleonic Code • Uniform law code, only applied to male • Citizens, NO freedom of the press, denied • Rights fort women • Support for Education

  23. After defeat of Napoleon…. Great Britain Czar Alexander I of Russia King Frederick William III of Prussia Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria Charles Maurice de Talleyrand of France (King Louis XVIII) Congress of Vienna 1815 Goal was to strengthen absolute monarchy in Europe….

  24. Countries that aided France lost territory Countries that fought against France gained territory France lost all of its conquered lands Some former monarchies were restored (Spain, Sicily, Portugal) France had to pay a large fine to other countries to compensate for the damages that France caused them

More Related