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Chapter 1 – Section 3

Chapter 1 – Section 3. Trade Networks of Africa and Asia. Standards. Recognize the definition of religion Interpret examples of how cultures adapt to or change the environment. I CAN. I can recognize the definition of religion.

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Chapter 1 – Section 3

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  1. Chapter 1 – Section 3 Trade Networks of Africa and Asia

  2. Standards • Recognize the definition of religion • Interpret examples of how cultures adapt to or change the environment

  3. I CAN • I can recognize the definition of religion. • I can give examples of how cultures adapt to or change the economy.

  4. First Global Age = the long- distance trade and travel that grew in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the 1400s

  5. The Muslim Link in Trade • By the 1500’s, a complex trade network linked Europe, Asia, and Africa.

  6. What was traded??? • Spices • Silks • Gems

  7. Rise of Islam • Emerged on the Arabia Peninsula in the 600’s. • Founder- the Prophet, Muhammad • Muhammad taught there is only one true God (Monotheism) • Followers of Islam are known as Muslims • The sacred book of Islam is the Quran

  8. Advances in Learning • Arab scholars made advances in mathematics, medicine, and astronomy. • Developed Algebra • Measured the size of earth • Said Earth was a sphere (rounded shape) • Built ships with large triangular sails that allowed captains to use the wind even if it changed direction

  9. The African Link in Trade • European traders sailed throughout the eastern Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea to bring home cedar logs, silver, and horses. • They traded for ivory, spices, copper, and cattle

  10. Arabia Definition: Center of trade routes connecting the Mediterranean world with Asia and Africa.

  11. Caravans = groups of people who traveled together for safety

  12. Silk Road = The Central Asian routes linking China and the Middle East

  13. Quran (Koran) = Holy book of Islam

  14. Islam = religion that emerged in the 600s in Arabia with Muhammad as the founder

  15. African Middle Kingdoms • Rich cultures such as Mali, Ghana, and Songhai were at the center of the trade routes between North and West Africa. • They were rich in gold, ivory, iron, and slaves.

  16. City-State = A large town that has its own government and controls the surrounding countryside.

  17. Mansa Musa = Mali’s famous Muslim ruler

  18. Timbuktu = Major trading center for Mali and Songhai

  19. East African Trade Centers • Began to appear about A.D. 1000 • Most powerful: Zimbabwe • (Towers of Great Zimbabwe) • Chief trading center: Kilwa

  20. What were the trading kingdoms of West Africa? Songhai • Most powerful kingdom in West Africa in 1400s • Major city - Timbuktu Mali • Most famous ruler – Mansa Musa • 1324 – Mansa Musa made a pilgrimage to Mecca

  21. West African Trade Centers • First major trade Center- Ghana • traded for gold and salt • Rulers of Ghana became rich • Ghana began to weaken because of shifting trade routes • The Empire of Mali took over Ghana

  22. West African Trade Centers • Mansa Musa- The ruler of Mali when it was at it’s greatest as an empire • Merchants in Mali traded for kola nuts, food, and gold • Timbuktu- became a city of great learning • Nomads capture Timbuktu in 1433 • Timbuktu is replaced by Songhai (1468)

  23. The East Asian Link in Trade • Highways, canals, postal system links China together • China’s empire expanded and so did trade • Hangzhou- one of the world’s largest cities by the 1200’s

  24. China’s Overseas Trade in the 1400s Chapter 2, Section 3 • China was ruled by an emperor. • An emperor who came to power in 1402 was eager for trade. He ordered a fleet of more than 300 ships to be built. The fleet was commanded by Admiral Zheng He. • Zheng He made seven voyages. His fleet traded in Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and East Africa. • After Zheng He’s death in 1435, China’s overseas voyages abruptly ended. No one is sure why.

  25. World Traders • 1050- Chinese invents printing with movable type • Made advances in Navigation (the science of locating the position and plotting the course of ships • Invented magnetic compass

  26. Zheng He • Chinese explorer • Made several voyages with a fleet of more than 300 giant ships • Fleet visited 30 nations throughout Asia and Africa • Traded silks and pottery for spices, gems, medicinal herbs, and ivory

  27. Size of Zheng He’s fleet • A display at that compares the size of ships used by Zheng He and by Christopher Columbus • Zheng He’s ships were much larger.

  28. Spice Trade and the Silk Road • The Silk Road • Trade route • 5,000 miles long • Connected Xi’an in China to Persia • Merchants brought silk and other goods. • Traded for Cloves, nutmeg, and peppercorns along the way

  29. Silk Road

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