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War Consumes Europe

War consumes Europe as the alliance system collapses, leading to a bloody stalemate along both the Western and Eastern Fronts. The conflict grinds to a halt with trench warfare and new deadly technologies taking a staggering toll on human life.

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War Consumes Europe

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  1. War Consumes Europe The Alliance System Collapses A Bloody Stalemate Along the Western Front The Battle on the Eastern Front

  2. The Alliance System Collapses A Chain Reaction • Austria declared war on Serbia • Russia, Serbia’s ally, moved troops toward Austrian border • Germany declares war on Russia – August 1, 1914… 2 days later Germany declares war on France The von Schlieffen Plan • Germany’s plan was to take France out of war before Russians had chance to fully mobilize • Quickest route to France through unguarded Belgium • This brought Britain into the war in defense of its ally Belgium • Plan 17 • The French Plan of WWI to immediately attack Germany and retake the Alsace-Lorraine territory that Germany had taken in the Franco-Prussian War and incorporated into the German Empire

  3. The Alliance System Collapses (cont.) European Nations Take Side • Central PowersThe Allies • Germany Britain • Austria-Hungary France • Ottoman Empire Russia

  4. A Bloody Stalemate Along the Western Front The Conflict Grinds to a Halt -Trench Warfare-Stalemate-Last Man Standing • By September, Germans 30 miles outside Paris • First Battle of the Marne – French drive the Germans back 60 miles • The Schlieffen Plan had failed and Germany bogs down into a stalemate along the Western Front • Germany would have to split its forces between France and Russia

  5. Trench Warfare

  6. New Technology Results in Staggering Casualties Industry and warfare combine to make a lethal combination • Machine guns • Tanks • Airplanes • Submarines • Poisonous gas All take a grizzly toll on human life

  7. The Results of Modern Weaponry • Battle of Verdun (Feb. 1916) • Each side suffers more than 300,000 deaths • Battle of the Somme (July, 1916) • British lose more than 20,000 in one day! • More than ½ million lost by both sides by the end of this battle in November

  8. The Eastern Front The Central Powers Gain an Advantage • Battle of Tannenberg (Aug. 1914) • Germans halt the Russian attack and drive them back in retreat • More than 30,000 Russian troops killed during the 4 day battle • By 1916, Russia near collapse • Shortages of supplies,food, guns (due to Russia’s lack of industry) put the army in impossible hardship • More than 2 million soldiers lost in 1915 alone • As long as Russia remained in the war, Germany was tied to fighting a two front war (Britain and America urge them to stay in war because of this)

  9. The Eastern Front Germans have a hard time resupplying troops in the Eastern Front as the Russians had used the Scorched-earth Policy -burn everything as they retreated

  10. The War Spreads Throughout the Globe As the war raged on, the conflict spread from Europe to • Africa • The Middle East • Asia

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