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The War of 1812
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The War of 1812

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  1. The War of 1812

  2. Jefferson’s Foreign Problems

  3. Rising Conflict

  4. Rising Conflict • The Barbary Pirates • Began attacking American trading ships after the American Revolution • Took property and enslaved sailors • We began to pay a tribute – money for protection – the pirates • Why did major countries do this?

  5. Rising Conflict

  6. Jefferson’s Answer • He stops tribute payments and sends war ships to protect American trading ships

  7. Barbary Pirates • The warship Philadelphia was stranded and raided • Over 300 sailors were captured • To keep pirates from using the ship, Stephen Decatur burned the Philadelphia down

  8. Guess who’s fighting again?1803

  9. What had Washington warned us about? Remain neutral!

  10. Remaining neutral • The US continued to trade with Britain and France • Makes us a lot of money • The North depends heavily on trade • Britain and France were looking for ways to hurt the other • Both sides seize American ships to cut off the others trade • France took 500 ships; Britain over 1,000

  11. Britain needs sailors… Impressment ~ forcing Americans to fight in the British navy

  12. Embargo – gov’t order forbidding foreign trade

  13. Jefferson’s Embargo • 30,000 American sailors out of work • Farmers could not sell their surplus overseas • Ship owners boats not used • Dockworkers had nothing to load or unload • Bartenders who lost their sailor customers

  14. Why didn’t France or Britain care? • Napoleon – could get what he wanted from Europe • Britain could trade anywhere else in the world Lesson Learned: Europe doesn’t need to trade with the US

  15. War of 1812 – The First Half

  16. New Commander-in-Chief

  17. Why go to war? • Tecumseh and the Prophet • Two Shawnee Indians who began urging the Native Americans to go to war against the US • Why? To take back their land • They organized western tribes into leagues to restore Indian lands

  18. Battle of Tippiecanoe • William Henry Harrison, governor of Indiana territory marched 1,000 soldiers against Tecumseh and his league • Tecumseh was defeated

  19. What does Britain have to do with this? They were arming the Native Americans! • Sort of…GB had given some arms to the Native Americans through trade but they weren’t arming them to fight the Americans

  20. We Want War! • This did not matter to some… Strike One: Arming the Native Americans Strike Two: Impressing our sailors War Hawks – Nationalists who wanted war with Britain

  21. Strike Three • Britain declared in early 1812 that they would not stop impressment • Congress declares war in 1812

  22. Our Reasons Strike One: Arming the Native Americans Strike Two: Impressing our sailors Strike Three: Britain says that they won’t stop impressing our sailors Are these good reasons? Nationalism – a pride in one’s country

  23. Early War Positives Negatives • Great Britain was at war with France • Our army and navy were greatly reduced • Embargo Act had hurt our economy • Great Britain set up a blockade of our coast