1. EGYPT 6TH GRADE SOCIAL STUDIES

2. LAND-MAJOR AREAS • Nile River Valley • Sinai Peninsula • Deserts

3. NILE RIVER VALLEY • Lifeline of Egypt is the Nile River. • Nile River supplies 85% of the country’s water. • The Nile River is 4,180 miles in length.

4. SINAI PENINSULA • Sinai Peninsula lies southeast of the Nile Delta. • Major crossroads between two continents-Africa and Asia.

5. DESERTS

6. DESERTS • Most of Egypt is desert. • 2 deserts occupy most of Egypt: Libyan and Arabian. • The Libyan desert covers two-thirds of Egypt’s land area. • The Libyan and Arabian deserts are parts of the Sahara desert, one of the largest deserts in the world.

7. ECONOMY • Since the 1950’s the Egyptian economy has grown considerably. • Two areas that influence the economy the most are Agriculture and Industry.

8. AGRICULTURE • 4% of Egypt’s land is used for farming. • Best farmland is along the fertile Nile River valley. • Most farmers have small plots of land. • Cotton, dates, vegetables, sugarcane, and wheat. • Irrigation, modern tools, and farming methods from their ancestors are used to help them. • Cotton is Egypt’s leading agricultural export.

9. INDUSTRY • Largest industrial centers are the capital city of Cairo and the seaport of Alexandria. • Industries were aided by the creation of the Aswan High Dam. • Aswan High Dam provides hydroelectric power from moving water. • The Dam also allowed farmers, or fellahin, to produce more than one crop a year.

10. INDUSTRY-CONTINUED • Egyptian factories produce mainly food products, textiles, and consumer goods. • Consumer goods/ household goods include clothing, shoes, and everyday common items. • Oil ranks as the country’s most important natural resource and a major export.

11. PEOPLE • Most Egyptians live within 20 miles of the Nile River. • 99% of Egypt’s population live on only 3.5% of the land. • 43% of Egypt’s people live in rural areas. • Rural farmers are called fellahin. • Most farmers rent their small plot of land. • Farmers raise enough crops to feed their family. Anything left over they take it to sell at the market, or bazaar. • Egypt’s large cities offer a different kind of life. • Cairo is Egypt’s capital. • 11 million people • Cities life is increasing for two reasons. • Egypt has a high birthrate. • Many farmers move from rural areas to the cities to find work.

12. INFLUENCES OF THE PAST • Egyptians has a long and fascinating history. • Pyramids, pharaohs, kings, and hieroglyphs. • HIEROGLYPHS, or picture symbols, were used by the Egyptians for writing.

13. DEFINITION HIEROGLYPHICS- PART OF THE EGYPTIAN ALPHABET USED TO COMMUNICATE MESSAGES.

14. HIEROGLYPHIC ALPHABET

15. CARTOUCHE

16. CARTOUCHES FOR KINGS OF EGYPT