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Ch 20: Kingdom Protista

Ch 20: Kingdom Protista. Very diverse group Catch all - membership is determined mainly by exclusion from the other kingdoms. Eukaryotes. all Eukaryotes that are not plants, animals or fungus Mostly single celled, some multicelled, some colonial Classified by the way they obtain nutrition.

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Ch 20: Kingdom Protista

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  1. Ch 20: Kingdom Protista Very diverse group Catch all - membership is determined mainly by exclusion from the other kingdoms

  2. Eukaryotes • all Eukaryotes that are not plants, animals or fungus • Mostly single celled, some multicelled, some colonial • Classified by the way they obtain nutrition

  3. Autotrophic or Heterotrophic • Animal Like • Plant Like • Fungus Like

  4. Autotrophic or Heterotrophic • Plant Like - Autrotrophs • Fungus Like - Heterotrophs • obtain food by external digestion (decomposers or parasites)

  5. Animal Like Protists • Protozoans • Heterotrophs • 4 Phyla divided by the way they move

  6. Zooflagellates • Unicellular • Swim using flagella (1 or 2) • Absorb food through cell membranes • Most Reproduce asexually (Binary Fission)

  7. Zooflagellates • Include several parasites that cause human diseases • Examples: Giardia

  8. Sarcodines • Unicellular • Move with Pseudopods • temporary projections of cytoplasm • Food vacuoles, Endocytosis • Reproduce asexually (BF)

  9. Sarcodines • Examples: • Amoeba (A. Dysentery) • Foraminiferans & Radiolarians (calcium carbonate) • Heliozoans (silica)

  10. Amoeba

  11. Ciliates • Unicellular • Move & feed with cilia • Free living - not parasitic • Reproduce by conjugation (sexual - pg 500) • Most numerous and diverse group

  12. Ciliates • Example: Paramecium (Anatomy page 499)

  13. Paramecium

  14. Sporozoans • Unicellular • Do not move on their own • All parasitic • Reproduce by means of sporozites - sexual and asexual phases (pg 501)

  15. Sporozoans • Example: Malaria • Plasmodium vivax

  16. Plant Like Protists 7major phylas Unicellular & Multicellular Algae

  17. Plant Like Protists Unicellular Algae 4 major phylas Base of the food chain (phytoplankton - Algae & Protozoan)

  18. Euglenophytes • Plant like - has chloroplast, Autotrophic • Animal like - has 2 flagella, no cell walls (pellicle), eye spot (reacts to light), can be heterotrophic in low light • Reproduces by BF

  19. Euglenophytes • Euglena: page 506

  20. Dinoflagellates • Half are photosynthetic, half are heterotrophic • Have 2 flagella • Reproduce by BF • Many are luminescent (fire plants - red tide)

  21. Chrysophytes • Yellow-green & Golden brown algae • Gold colored Chloroplasts • Cell walls with pectin • Store food as oil rather than starch

  22. Diatoms • Cell walls with silicon • Fit together like a petri dish • Remains of the cell are used in abrasives (diatomaceous earth)

  23. Plant Like Protists Multicellular Algae 3 major phylas Classified by pigments

  24. Red Algae • Reddish accessory pigments • Can live deeper in the ocean than most other Algae • Complex life cycles • Example: Irish Moss

  25. Brown Algae • Brown accessory pigments • Largest, most complex algae • Have some specialized parts (Air Bladders, Blades, Hold Fasts, Stipes) • Example: Giant Kelp

  26. Green Algae • Phylum Chlorophyta • Cellulose in cell walls • Some are Unicellular • Live in both fresh water and salt water

  27. Green Algae • Example: • Volvox • Spirogyra (colonial) • Sea lettuce (multicellular)

  28. Fungus Like Protists • Heterotrophic • Absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter • 2 groups

  29. Slime Molds • Have a 3 stage life cycle • Shiny wet appearance, texture like gelatin • Examples: Red Raspberry & Scrambled Egg Slime Mold

  30. Water Mold • Oomycota • Thrive on dead or decaying organic material in water • Are plant parasites on land • Produce Hyphae and zoosporangia

  31. Water Mold • Life Cycle page 519 • Example: • Phytophthora infestans (potato famine)

  32. Diseases caused by Algae • African Sleeping Sickness • Giardia • Amoebic Dysentery • Malaria

  33. Human Uses for Algae • Seaweed, agar, algin • Thickeners for ice cream & salad dressing • plastics, waxes, deodorant

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