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Chapter 8 – Political Culture and Ideologies

Chapter 8 – Political Culture and Ideologies. 12 th Grade POD – Ms. Nestico. Political Ideologies. Ideology – a set or system of ideas, beliefs and values held by a collective group of people – “school of thought” Belief – an idea held to be true by a group

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Chapter 8 – Political Culture and Ideologies

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  1. Chapter 8 – Political Culture and Ideologies 12th Grade POD – Ms. Nestico

  2. Political Ideologies • Ideology – a set or system of ideas, beliefs and values held by a collective group of people – “school of thought” • Belief – an idea held to be true by a group • Value – a belief about whether an idea is right or wrong Everything in life is “political”

  3. Primary Ideologies in the US Ideology Party Wing Radical Libertarian Liberal Democrat Left Moderate ----------------------------------- Conservative Republican Right Populist Reactionary

  4. Comparison & Contrast • Both liberals and conservatives agree that the government should have a good bit of control and regulation, but in different areas • Liberals want strong control/regulation over the economy • Conservatives want strong regulation over social conduct

  5. Economic Characteristics(Liberal focus) • Money and the distribution of wealth • Stock Market • Corporations/Big Business • Taxation • Employment • Trade/Investments • Banking Industry • Social Programs to help those in need

  6. Social Conduct Characteristics(Conservative Focus) • Censorship • Morals and Values • Drugs • Pro-Business • Oppose Higher Taxes • Tough punishment for crime

  7. Most popular US ideologies • Liberal – strong control & regulation of economy • Conservative – strong control & regulation of social conduct • Libertarian – least amount of government control in both the social conduct & economic realms • Populist – increased government control over both social & economic realms

  8. In terms of Government Regulation & Control SOCIAL CONDUCT Libertarian 22% Conservative 30% E C O N O M I C Liberal 16% Populist 20%

  9. Ideology Spectrum

  10. Liberal • Most interested in protecting individual rights and civil liberties • Change is usually a good thing • Anti-federalist roots • Increase in social welfare programs • More government intervention of the economy to remedy the defects of capitalism • Can be socialistic in nature

  11. Liberal • Robinhood Theory – Redistribution of wealth • Usually see an increase in taxes • Believe in the positive use of government to bring about justice and equality of opportunity • Seeks protection against inadequate healthcare, housing and education • Believes in affirmative action programs, unions’ right to organize and strike, etc.

  12. Conservative • Most interested in what’s best for the greater good of society • Free market economy • Capitalistic – survival of the fittest, every man for himself • Rich typically get richer • Lower taxes overall and cut government spending

  13. Conservative • Functions of government should encourage family values, protect the nation from foreign enemies, preserve law and order • Human needs should be cared for by families and charities, not the government

  14. Radical • Advocates extreme measures to change government policy

  15. Radical • Civil disobedience • Texas v. Johnson • Vietnam war demonstrations on college campuses

  16. Reactionary • Advocates extreme measures to conserve ideals and uphold ultra-conservative use of policies and government • Exceptionally intolerant of others and their viewpoints

  17. Reactionary • More violent acts of civil disobedience • Abortion clinic bombers • White supremacy groups typically found here

  18. Economic Policy Liberals Conservatives Free market economy Less amount of regulation brings about more competition Taxes should be kept as low as possible Government welfare programs destroy people’s incentive to work hard. • Government should regulate business to protect public interest • Rich should be taxed higher in order to pay for public services • Government spending on social welfare programs increases

  19. Policies on Crime Liberals Conservatives Increase police forces, special task forces and prisons. Stop courts from coddling criminals Make punishment more harsh and strict to deter future crime • Government should alleviate social problems such as poverty, unemployment, housing inadequacies, etc. as these are the preliminary reasons for crime • Rehabilitate criminals to remedy the problem

  20. Social Policy Liberal Conservative Government chooses what’s best, not the individual Fend for yourself – survival of the fittest Should allow traditional observations in public policy • Freedom of choice and government should fund it when necessary • Protect minority rights, especially of African American, Hispanic/Latino, women, non-WASP, poor, etc.)

  21. National Security Policy Liberal Conservative Government should pursue national/international interests of the US Increase military spending War can stimulate the economy • Government should support “human rights” throughout the world • Reduce military spending • Diplomacy instead of war

  22. The issues • Economy • Abortion • Death Penalty

  23. The Issues • War in Iraq • Education • Energy

  24. The Issues • Drugs • Healthcare • Poverty

  25. What’s your ideology? • Go to: http://www.politopia.com/quiz_index.php3

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