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Mitosis

Mitosis. By: Ann Benning. Asexual Reproduction. Asexual Reproduction: One parent, the offspring is a clone of the parent/organism because of no exchange of genetic material Four types of Asexual Reproduction : Mitosis Bidding Binary Fission Regeneration

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Mitosis

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  1. Mitosis By: Ann Benning

  2. Asexual Reproduction • Asexual Reproduction: One parent, the offspring is a clone of the parent/organism because of no exchange of genetic material • Four types of Asexual Reproduction : • Mitosis • Bidding • Binary Fission • Regeneration • There is only 1 parent involved and the offspring is identical (nothing is different) to the parent

  3. What is Mitosis? • Mitosis is a process where a single a single cell divides resulting in two genetically identical cells • Before Mitosis begins Interphase occurs • Mitosis has 4 steps (PMAT) • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • New cells are produced by the power of mitosis

  4. Interphase • Interphase has to happen before anything can happen in mitosis • Interphase has an appearance a normal cell • Chromosomes are not visible at the time and are long, skinny things called chromatins • Chromatins are made of 40% DNA and 60% Protein • DNA is replicated • Interphase is important to the cell because it prepares the cell for mitosis

  5. Prophase (Pmat) • Prophase is the first step in mitosis • Prophase is when the chromosome’s replicates are visible and they attach themselves to centrioles • Centrioles then move to opposite ends of the cell • The nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope breaks down • Prophase is important to the cell because it forms all the needed things/items they need to split the cell like • Spindle Fibers

  6. Metaphase (pMat) • Metaphase is the 2nd step in Mitosis • During Metaphase, chromosomes line up around the equator of the cell • The spindle fibers attach themselves to centrioles • Metaphase is important to the cell because it starts to allow the cell to divide into two

  7. Anaphase (pmAt) • Anaphase is the 3rd step in Mitosis • The centromeres split into 2 • Spindle Fibers pull centromeres to opposite poles(ends) of the cell • The chromosomes split into 2 chromatids • These are also pulled to the opposite ends of the cell • Anaphase is important to the cell because it pulls the chromosomes to the “new cells”

  8. Telophase (pmaT) • Telophase is the 4th step of Mitosis • Chromatids unravel and form chromatids • Centrioles replicate themselves • The nuclear membrane comes and reforms around the chromosome • To make the 2 “new cells” • Telophase is important to the cell because allows the cell to divide into 2 new cells

  9. Cytokinesis • Cytokinesis is a step of cell cycle but not a step in Mitosis • Cytokinesis is the physical division of cytoplasm to daughter cells

  10. Ways to Remember • Mitosis • PMAT(Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase) • Cell Cycle: • IPMATC (Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis)

  11. Quick Review #14 • What step does the centrioles replicate themselves? a. Telophase b. Prophase c. Anaphase • What step does the cell look the same like nothing will happen or nothing has happened? a. Prophase b. Anaphase c. Interphase • What step does centromeres get pulled to opposite ends of the cell? a. Anaphase b. Cytokinesis c. Metaphase • What step do centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell? a. Metaphase b. Prophase c. Telophase

  12. Quick Review #2 5. How many parents does asexual reproduction need? a. 10 b. 1 c. 2 6. When does the cell become 2 “new cells”? a. Cytokinesis b. Prophase c. Telopahse

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