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This overview explores the historical context of civil rights in the United States, detailing the impact of segregation in the South through Jim Crow laws and economic disparities in Northern ghettos. Post-WWII, societal attitudes began shifting towards civil rights, highlighted by significant court cases such as Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which legitimized segregation, and Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which overturned it. The resistance to integration, exemplified by Governor Faubus in Little Rock, showcases the ongoing struggle against systemic racism, fueled by organizations like the NAACP and leaders like Thurgood Marshall.
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Civil Rights Segregation
Segregation • Forced in the South: Jim Crow • Economic in the North: Ghetto • After WW II attitudes toward civil rights began to change
Court Case • Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 Legalized separate but equal\ Never equal NAACP work to change: Thurgood Marshall • Brown v Board of Education 1954 Overturned the Plessy case Overturned segregation Southern resistance: KKK Ike Stayed neutral
Little Rock • Forced integration • 1957 Gov Faubus refused to allow high school to integrate • Faubus used National Guard • Ike Nationalized Guard • States Rights