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Warm-Up

Warm-Up. How long can you go without water?. Questions?. What is an atom? What is inside an atom?. Understanding Molecules and Atoms. http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV4jJZCIMPo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfXxZwNLvPA. Chemistry of Life. Chapter 6. By PresenterMedia.com. Element.

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Warm-Up

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  1. Warm-Up How long can you go without water?

  2. Questions? What is an atom? What is inside an atom?

  3. Understanding Molecules and Atoms http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV4jJZCIMPo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfXxZwNLvPA

  4. Chemistry of Life Chapter 6 By PresenterMedia.com

  5. Element Made up of Atoms Cannot be broken down into simpler substances Examples Hydrogen Carbon Oxygen

  6. Atom Smallest particle of an element

  7. Atom Components Nucleus: Center of the atom

  8. Compound Made up of chemically combined elements Can be broken down into its elements Water is an example, made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom CO2 H2O NaCl

  9. How Many Atoms… Are in Glucose? • C6H12O6 • 6 + 12 + 6 =24 • 24 atoms

  10. Covalent Bond Formed when two atoms share electrons HINT: Covalent = Co Captain shares duties or Co-Pilot shares duties

  11. Ionic Bond Attractive force between two ions of opposite charges Ions are negatively and positively charged

  12. Hydrogen Bond Weak chemical bonds involving Hydrogen

  13. Polar Molecule Molecule with unequal distribution of charge Example: Water HINT: Unequal

  14. Diffusion Net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration High to Low

  15. Dynamic Equilibrium Continuous movement but no overall change in concentration HINT: Think of a treadmill

  16. Metabolism All of the chemical reactions that take place within an organism. Example: • Eating- the food we eat is turned into energy

  17. pH Measures how acidic or basic Acid: forms hydrogen ions in water H+ • Below 7 Base: forms hydroxide ions OH- in water • Above 7

  18. Guess the pH

  19. Warm-Up What do you call a substance made of 2 or more elements? Atoms protons compounds a.

  20. Four Types of Organic Compounds that Make up Living Things Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

  21. Carbohydrates • Composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen • CHO • Sugars and Starches (energy sources) • Starch comes from plants-mainly grains & potatoes • Monosaccharide – mono = 1, saccharide = sugar • Ex. Fructose, Glucose • Disaccharide • Ex. Sucrose – Table Sugar • Polysaccaride • Ex. Starch, glycogen, cellulose

  22. Carbohydrates

  23. Lipids • Composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen • CHO • Energy Storage • Insoluble in water and Nonpolar. • Fats, Oils, Waxes and steroids

  24. Proteins • Composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen • CHON • Provide structure for tissues & organs • Abundant in muscle • Amino Acids – building blocks of protein 20 common amino acids • Peptide Bond – covalent bond between amino acids • Ex. Enzyme – changes the rate of chemical reaction

  25. Enzymes • A.K.A.-Catalysts • Speed up reactions • Lock & Key • Temperature and pH impact shape of enzyme • Usually end in “ASE” • VIDEO

  26. Nucleic Acids • Polymers are made of subunits called nucleotides • Nucleotides: consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus • Example: DNA, RNA • Genetic material

  27. Short review

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