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Understanding DNA's Role in Protein Synthesis

The structure of DNA determines protein structure carried out by specialized cells. Compare DNA and RNA, replication, and central dogma. Learn molecular biology concepts through interactive models and engage with DNA rap and replication videos.

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Understanding DNA's Role in Protein Synthesis

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  1. DNA Unit Target: Construct an explanation for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through a system of specialized cells.

  2. Learning Target: Compare and contrast the structures and function of DNA and RNA. (K) DNA or RNA? Made of: Phosphate group Deoxyribose Nitrogen bases DNA DNA or RNA? Made of: Phosphate group Ribose Nitrogen bases RNA

  3. DNA or RNA? Nitrogen bases include: C G A T DNA DNA or RNA? Shape is a double helix DNA

  4. DNA or RNA? Undergoes replication. DNA DNA or RNA? Is transcribed. DNA

  5. Learning Target: Explain and model how the information contained in DNA is copied. (R) DNA is unzipped by an enzyme called • DNA polymerase • Helicase • RNA polymerase B.

  6. Truth or False? DNA replication occurs in the nucleus. True DNA replication occurs during mitosis. False- during interphase DNA replication allows daughter cells to obtain the same genetic information. True DNA replication is semi-conservative. True- one old and one new strand

  7. Learning Target: Use a diagram to model the roles of molecules and cell structures in protein synthesis. (skill) A B C D E F G Nucleus mRNA Ribosome tRNA anticodon Codon mRNA What is asparagine? An amino acid

  8. Learning Target: Use the genetic code to construct a protein’s amino acid sequence. (skill) DNA CGA TTC mRNA? GCU AAG Polypeptide chain? Alanine-lysine

  9. Learning Target: Explain Biology’s Central Dogma. (knowledge) True or False? Biology’s central dogma refers to the flow of information through a cell. True

  10. Review • Click here to hear the DNA Rap • Click here to see the replication video • Click here for a review of replication • Click here to watch transcription/translation

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