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Mitosis

Mitosis. Separating the components of the cell into two parts. The incredible cell. The center of our Study : The Nucleus. Nuceleolus : Center of the nucleus. Chromatin - is a mass of genetic material composed of DNA. Chromosomes. Chromo-colored - Somes -bodies

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Mitosis

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  1. Mitosis Separating the components of the cell into two parts

  2. The incredible cell

  3. The center of our Study: The Nucleus Nuceleolus: Center of the nucleus Chromatin- is a mass of genetic material composed of DNA

  4. Chromosomes • Chromo-colored • -Somes-bodies • Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing genetic information Passed from one generation of cells to the next

  5. Genetic Information: DNA • DNA is a molecule that stores information and acts as a blueprint for the body of an organism • provides the instructions for all the information a living organism needs to grow and function • DNA is the molecule: Deoxyribonucleic acid

  6. DNA forms a chromosome 1- Molecule forms by amino acid base pairs chemically bonding to form DNA. 2- DNA twists and curls 3- Twists and curls until it forms a chromosome.

  7. Chromosome number Diploid Haploid (n)= total of 23 sperm and egg cell -produced by meiosis • body cells • Produced through mitosis • (2n)= 46 chromosomes • 23 from male and 23 from female

  8. Diploid vs. Haploid

  9. Chromosomes One copy from male (dad) One Copy from female (mom)

  10. How is genetic information passed from one generation of cells to the next? If a cell divides how is genetic information transferred? “sister chromatids”-

  11. Chromatids • Each chromosome has two identical arms-sister chromatids • When the cell divides: • The “sister” chromatids separate and one goes to each of the two new cells

  12. Cell Cycle Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide During the cell cycle: A cell grows Prepares for division Divides to form two daughter cells Cycle begins again

  13. Interphase • Interphase has three steps • G1 • S • G2

  14. G1 phase- Growth phase • Definition: cell grows, carries out normal functions and duplicates cellular organelles

  15. S phase • Definition: Synthesis phase where DNA replicates/duplicates

  16. G2 Phase • Definition: Cell prepares for mitosis

  17. Mitosis • Mitosis has 4 steps • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Mitosis

  18. Prophase • DNA in the nucleus of a cell condenses and becomes visible under the microscope • Chromosomes condense • Membrane surrounding the nucleus disappears

  19. Metaphase • Metaphase • Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

  20. Anaphase • Anaphase: • Chromosomes split apart • Creates two separate identical chromosomes • Chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides of the cell

  21. Telophase • Telophase: • A new nuclear membrane forms around each group of chromosomes

  22. Cytokinesis • Cytokinesis is the last step in the cell cycle • The cytoplasm divides to create two identical daughter cells • Daughter cells then begin interphase

  23. Uncontrolled cell growth • When a cell divides excessively and invade other organs it is known as cancer. • Cancer cells do not respond normally to the bodies control mechanism to stop cell growth.

  24. ? Metaphase

  25. ? Anaphase

  26. ? prophase

  27. ? metaphase

  28. ? Prophase

  29. ? Telophase

  30. ? Anaphase

  31. Let’s Practice • Cell cycle and Mitosis Review • Mitosis Animation

  32. LET’S ACT IT OUT • Directions: • Clear desk to the perimeter of the room to create a wide open space in the center of the room • Get a pink or blue sheet of paper • Listen to narration and act out each phase in mitosis • Review/Questions

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