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Warm up

Warm up. New ocean crust is formed at m___-o____ r_____s. Ocean crust is subducted (destroyed) at d____ s___ t_____s. C________n in the m____e drives plate movement. What is the name of the highest mountain on Earth? At what type of boundary does it occur?. Plate Tectonics: Plate Boundaries.

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Warm up

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  1. Warm up • New ocean crust is formed at m___-o____ r_____s. • Ocean crust is subducted (destroyed) at d____ s___ t_____s. • C________n in the m____e drives plate movement. • What is the name of the highest mountain on Earth? At what type of boundary does it occur?

  2. Plate Tectonics:Plate Boundaries Ms. Holl Earth Science Rowland High School

  3. Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics occurs in the LITHOSPHERE = Crust + Upper Mantle

  4. Plate Tectonics • Plate tectonics • A theory about the movement of the continental AND the oceanic crust • Plate • A thick, shifting piece of lithosphere • Convection currents in the mantle drive plate movement. • View animation of mantle convection.

  5. 7 major platesand other smaller ones (2) (7) (6) (3) (1) (5) (4)

  6. 2 parts of each plate Continental Crust Oceanic Crust

  7. YOU ARE HERE!! (LA) Age of the Ocean Crust

  8. (LA) Age of the Ocean Crust North Pole South Pole

  9. Features of the Ocean Floor • Mid Ocean Ridge - MORs • Place where new • ocean floor is created • by seafloor spreading • Deep Sea Trench • Place where ocean floor is destroyed Image source: http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/glossary/s_u/sea_flr_spread.html

  10. Deep Sea Trenches Mid Ocean Ridges Topography & Bathymetry Deepest point on Earth! - Mariana Trench

  11. Plate Tectonics Now we have learned the EVIDENCE for the THEORY of plate tectonics: • The ocean crust is different ages • PALEOMAGNETOMETRY • ISOCHRON MAP • The ocean crust is NOT flat • SONAR • MID OCEAN RIDGES • DEEP SEA TRENCHES

  12. Plate Tectonics • Goal: You will learn that… • …there are three kinds of plate boundaries and • there are different features associated with each type of boundary.

  13. Plate Boundaries • Tectonic plates interact at plate boundaries. • Three kinds of plate boundaries • Transform boundary • Convergent boundary • Divergent boundary

  14. Plate Boundaries

  15. Transform Boundaries • Place where two plates slide horizontally past each other • Example: San Andreas Fault

  16. Convergent Boundaries Places where two tectonic plates are moving toward each other • Oceanic-continental convergence • Oceanic-oceanic convergence • Continental-continental convergence

  17. Convergent Boundaries • Subduction - Process in which one of two plates at a boundary descends beneath the other. • SUBDUCTION ANIMATION

  18. (1) Oceanic - Continental

  19. (1) Oceanic - Continental Example: Peru - Andes Mountains

  20. (2) Oceanic - Oceanic

  21. (2) Oceanic - Oceanic

  22. Volcanic Island Arcs • NOAA Marianas Arc Expedition

  23. (3) Continental - Continental

  24. (3) Continental - Continental Himalayan Mountains Currently rise > 1 cm/yr Highest Peak above sea level - Mount Everest

  25. (3) Continental - Continental ANIMATION: HIMALAYAS FORMING

  26. Summary: Features atConvergent Boundaries • Oceanic-Continental • Trenches - Mariana Trench • Subduction zones • Mountains - Andes Mou • Oceanic-Oceanic • Volcanic island arcs - Aleutian Islands • Continental-Continental • Mountain ranges - Himalayan Mountains

  27. Plate Boundaries • Tectonic plates interact at plate boundaries. • Three kinds of plate boundaries

  28. Plate Boundaries • Tectonic plates interact at plate boundaries. • Three kinds of plate boundaries • Transform boundary

  29. Plate Boundaries • Tectonic plates interact at plate boundaries. • Three kinds of plate boundaries • Transform boundary • Convergent boundary

  30. Plate Boundaries • Tectonic plates interact at plate boundaries. • Three kinds of plate boundaries • Transform boundary • Convergent boundary • Divergent boundary

  31. (3) Divergent boundary (1) Magma rises (2) Rift valley Divergent Boundaries • Place where two plates are moving apart from each other • How a divergent boundary is formed:

  32. Divergent Boundaries • Continental-Continental • RIFT VALLEY • Oceanic-Oceanic • MID-OCEAN RIDGE • Spreading Centers ANIMATION OF VOLCANISM ALONG A DIVERGENT BOUNDARY

  33. Divergent Boundaries • Continental Rift Valleys • Great Rift Valley - Africa • Rio Grande Rift - U.S. • Mississippi embayment - U.S.

  34. Divergent Boundaries Great Rift Valley in East Africa

  35. Divergent Boundaries • Galapagos Spreading Center

  36. Plate Boundaries Summary Animation

  37. Plate Tectonics For more information -

  38. Plate Tectonics • PLATE MOTION IN THE FUTURE… • Next…. • EARTHQUAKES • VOLCANOES

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