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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. The Anatomical Position & Medical Terminology. Subject is standing upright, facing the observer, with the upper limbs placed at the sides, palms turned forward, and the feet flat on the floor. The Anatomical Position. Anatomical Terms Anterior Surface.

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 The Anatomical Position & Medical Terminology

  2. Subject is standing upright, facing the observer, with the upper limbs placed at the sides, palms turned forward, and the feet flat on the floor. The Anatomical Position

  3. Anatomical TermsAnterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Head Cephalic Skull Cranial Face Facial Neck Cervical Forehead Frontal Eye Orbital Ear Otic

  4. Anatomical TermsAnterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Cheek Buccal Nose Nasal Mouth Oral Chin Mental Armpit Axillary Arm Brachial Front of Elbow Antecubital

  5. Anatomical TermsAnterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Forearm Antebrachial Wrist Carpal Palm Metacarpal Fingers Digital (Phalangeal) Chest Thoracic Breastbone Sternal Breast Mammary

  6. Anatomical TermsAnterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Navel Umbilical Hip Coxal Groin Inguinal Hand Manual Pubis Pubic Thigh Femoral

  7. Anatomical TermsAnterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Front of Knee Patellar Leg Crural Foot Pedal Ankle Tarsal Toes Digital (Phalangeal)

  8. Anatomical TermsPosterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Base of Skull Occipital Shoulder Acromial Shoulder Blade Scapular Spinal Column Vertebral Back Dorsal Back of Elbow Olecranal

  9. Anatomical TermsPosterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Loin Lumbar Between Hips Sacral Buttock Gluteal Behind the Knee Popliteal Calf Sural Sole of Foot Plantar Heel of Foot Calcaneal

  10. TERM & DEFINITION Superior Toward the head or upper part of the body EXAMPLES The heart is superior to the liver The brain is superior to the spinal cord Directional Terms

  11. TERM & DEFINITION Inferior Away from the head or towards lower part of the body EXAMPLES The small intestines is inferior to the liver The stomach is inferior to the lungs Directional Terms

  12. TERM & DEFINITION Anterior Near to/at the front of the body EXAMPLES The heart is anterior to the backbone The sternum is anterior to the lungs Directional Terms

  13. TERM & DEFINITION Posterior Near to/at the back of the body EXAMPLES The esophagus is posterior to the trachea The kidneys are posterior to the liver Directional Terms

  14. TERM & DEFINITION Medial Near the midline of the body EXAMPLES The ulna is on the medial side of the forearm The nose is medial to the ears Directional Terms

  15. TERM & DEFINITION Lateral Far(ther) from the midline EXAMPLES The radius is on the lateral side of the forearm The humerus is lateral to the rib cage Directional Terms

  16. TERM & DEFINITION Intermediate In between two structures EXAMPLES The ring finger is intermediate to the little and middle fingers The heart is intermediate to the lungs Directional Terms

  17. TERM & DEFINITION Proximal Nearer to an attachment of a limb/point of origin EXAMPLES The femur is proximal to the tibia The humerus is proximal to the ulna Directional Terms

  18. TERM & DEFINITION Distal Farther from an attachment or point of origin EXAMPLES The fibula is distal to the femur The carpals are distal to the scapula Directional Terms

  19. TERM & DEFINITION Superficial Towards the surface EXAMPLES The sternum is superficial to the heart The epidermis is superficial to the dermis Directional Terms

  20. TERM & DEFINITION Deep Away from the surface EXAMPLES The kidneys are deep to the liver The ribs are deep to the skin of the chest Directional Terms

  21. Planes & Sections Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into Right (R) & Left (L) sides 1. Midsagittal – equal planes 2. Parasagittal – unequal planes Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) & posterior (back) portions Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior (upper) & inferior (lower) portions Oblique Plane: Passes through the body/organ at an angle

  22. Planes & Sections

  23. Body Cavities Dorsal Body Cavity 1. Cranial Cavity – Brain 2. Vertebral Cavity – Spinal cord & nerve origins Ventral Body Cavity 1. Thoracic Cavity – Chest cavity A. Pleural Cavity – Lungs B. Pericardial Cavity – Heart C. Mediastinum 2. Abdominopelvic Cavity A. Abdominal – stomach, spleen, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, small & large intestines B. Pelvic – bladder, portions of large intestines, sex organs

  24. Body Cavities

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