Learning Targets

1. Learning Targets • Describe why the USSR planned to place missiles in Cuba. • Analyze different, possible actions the U.S. could take to respond to the Cuban missile crisis. • Choose an action and defend its choice. • Evaluate the results of the crisis and determine its impact on U.S- Soviet relations.

2. The Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) Diplomacy

3. The Friendship • Cuba under Castro becomes communist • Becomes allies with USSR Castro and Khruschev showing closer ties

4. Bay of Pigs • CIA trained Cuban exiles to invade • Major failure • Castro asks forUSSR for support

5. The Crisis • Soviets armed Cuba with nuclear missiles

6. U2 spy plane photographs sites

8. U.S. territory is vulnerable so JFK demanded • removal • Khrushchev refused

9. How should JFK handle this crisis? • pursue diplomacy (talk with Cuba and S.U.) • blockade Cuba so missiles not fully assembled • have Air Force do an air strike to destroy sites • before operational

11. Introduction of CW Survivor “Cold War Survivor” is a reality show where you - the capitalists - have to try and triumph over communism. Throughout this reality show, you have been faced with many physical challenges, such as having to wait in line for three hours for a loaf of bread, to having to dodge the KGB’s bullets. Your challenge today is different—it is a mental challenge.

12. COLD WAR SURVIVORSIMULATION ROLES: • Host • Alliance 1- Pursue Diplomacy • Alliance 2- Blockade Cuba • Alliance 3- Destroy the Missile • Sites • The Tribe

13. Background It is October 1962. Both the Soviet Union and the United States have enough nuclear weapons to devastate the other country and large segments of the world. Missiles developed in the 1940s and 1950s couldn’t travel very far, so both nations tried to place them close to the other nation. For example, the United States placed missiles in Italy and Turkey. After Cuba became an ally with the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union placed missiles in Cuba. Pictures from a U-2 spy plane show that nuclear missiles in Cuba could be operational in a week or less. Since Cuba is 90 miles from the American coastline of Florida, missiles in Cuba could hit anywhere in the United States with little warning. You need to decide how to handle this situation. Your goal is to handle the situation without starting a nuclear war, because in a nuclear war everyone loses.

14. Jury Job Role: Jury Member You have already been voted off the island, but still have a chance to survive the Cold War. As a jury member, you are responsible for voting off the last contestants on the show. To be a Cold War Survivor, you must decide how to proceed in this delicate situation. Six people on the show are left, and have formed three alliances. Each alliance will argue one of the three different options to survive the Cuban Missile Crisis and prevent nuclear war. They will present their arguments and you will have a chance to ask them questions. At the end of the show, you will vote off the people you don’t agree with. Be careful to make the best decision. If you don’t, nuclear war will result and you will NOT be a Cold War Survivor! Job: • Read the Position Briefings and complete the simulation preparation. • Listen to arguments and ask questions. • Vote off tribal members you don’t agree with.

16. The Decision: • JFK placed a blockade on Cuba • warned Soviets of attack if missile fired • brink of nuclear war JFK announces decision to blockade Cuba to the public on T.V.

18. Soviet ships turned back at the last minute Soviet ship Poltava on its way to Cuba (CIA photo)

19. The Compromise • Soviet missiles removed from Cuba • U.S. promises not to invade Cuba • U.S. removed missiles from Italy and Turkey Members of ExComm and JFK planning a compromise

20. “Hotline”b/t the S.U. and U.S. leaders • Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty: no • testing of nuclear weapons aboveground • JFK foreign policy success JFK signs Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963