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Exploring Living Things: Characteristics and Needs

Discover the fundamentals of living organisms, from autotrophs to locomotion, reproduction, and homeostasis. Understand how cells function, respond to stimuli, metabolize, and grow. Dive into the world of energy transformation, competition, and the essential needs for survival. Ideal for students and enthusiasts interested in biology and environmental sciences.

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Exploring Living Things: Characteristics and Needs

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  1. Living Things

  2. Vocabulary • Autotroph (Producer) – Organism that makes it’s own food by using the Sun’s energy through photosynthesis • Cells – basic building blocks of living things • Competition – when organisms fight over limited (not enough) resources (food, water and oxygen) • Heterotroph (Consumer) – can not make their own food, they must eat for energy • Homeostasis (Regulation) – maintaining a stable internal environment and temperature

  3. Vocabulary • Metabolism – all the chemical reactions (building and breaking down) that occur in an organism • Photosynthesis – the process of making food (glucose) by using the Sun’s energy, water and carbon dioxide • Reproduction – producing offspring (new individuals) • Response – a reaction to a stimulus • Stimulus – a change in the environment that causes a response

  4. Characteristics of Living Things Unicellular 1. Cells • _______________________ - organisms that are made up of only one cell ex. Bacteria and Protists • _______________________ - organisms that are made up of more than one cell ex. Plants and Animals Multicellular

  5. Characteristics of Living Things 2. Locomotion • Can ___________ Move

  6. Characteristics of Living Things 3. Metabolism • All chemical reactions that occur in an organism • Ingestion – taking _____ food (eating) • Digestion - __________________ food into useable nutrients in breakdown

  7. Characteristics of Living Things • Respiration – nutrients (food) combine with _______________ to produce energy and carbon dioxide • Excretion – getting rid of ____________ (solid, liquid, or gas CO2) oxygen wastes

  8. Characteristics of Living Things 4. Growth • Increase in size and complexity • Multicellular cells ___________ for growth and repair divide

  9. Characteristics of Living Things 5. Respond to the Environment • Stimulus – a ___________ in the environment that causes a response ex. Cold • Response – a ____________ to a stimulus ex. shiver change reaction

  10. Characteristics of Living Things 6. Reproduce • Produce new _______________________________ • Needed for survival of a ______________ individuals (offspring) species

  11. Characteristics of Living Things one • Asexual Reproduction • Requires __________ parent • Offspring are physically and genetically _______________ to the parent • Examples: • Unicellular organisms dividing (Mitosis) • Plant Clippings • Regeneration • Budding • Cloning identical

  12. Characteristics of Living Things two • Sexual Reproduction • Requires __________ parents • Offspring are ______ physically and genetically identical to the parent • They have a _____________ of traits (_____________________) • Causes _______________ among organisms • Examples: • Joining of a sperm (___________) and an egg (______________) cell - fertilization • Joining of pollen (__________) and an egg cell not blending characteristics variety male female male

  13. Needs of Living Things 1. Energy • Autotrophs (_________________) • Make their own food using the Sun’s energy by _____________________ • Example: __________ Producers Photosynthesis Plants

  14. Needs of Living Things Consumers • Heterotrophs (_________________) • __________ make their own food • They must _________ for energy • Example: _______________ • Herbivore – eats only ___________ • Carnivore – eats only ______________ • Omnivore eats ________ plants and animals Can’t eat Animals plants animals both

  15. Needs of Living Things 2. Water • Needed for chemical reactions to take place • Dissolves substances for _______________ transport

  16. Needs of Living Things 3. Oxygen • Needed for aerobic respiration (combining __________ with food to produce energy • Most atmospheric oxygen comes from plants undergoing ____________________ oxygen photosynthesis

  17. Needs of Living Things 4. Living Space • Enough area is needed for organisms to obtain _______________ (food, water, and oxygen) • Competition – when organisms ________ over limited (________________) resources causing those with the best traits to _____________ resources fight not enough survive

  18. Needs of Living Things Regulation 5. Homeostasis (______________) • Maintaining a proper body temperature • Warmblooded – body temperature ___________________ despite the environment • Coldblooded – body temperature ____________ with the environment stays the same changes

  19. 6th Grade Review Material:Energy Transformation • Energy moving from one object to another • Heat from the Sun is transferred/absorbed by a pool causing the water to evaporate • After swimming your bathing suit absorbs heat from the Sun causing the water to evaporate and your suit to dry • The Sun's heat is received by the Earth by radiation (heat transferred through empty space)

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