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The New World: Migration, Nations, and Encounters

Discover the ancient migration to America, diverse civilizations like Mayas, Incas, and Aztecs, unique societies like Mound Builders and Cahokia, and the impact of European exploration and exploitation. Follow the journey of early settlers, the rise and decline of native nations, and the complex interactions shaping the Americas from past to present.

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The New World: Migration, Nations, and Encounters

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  1. The “New World”

  2. If you build it, they will come 25,000 years ago people migrated to the Americas by crossing the Bering Land Bridge. (recently scholars have been disputing the claim)

  3. Early America 1492- 54 million people are spread out among the two Americas. Mayas, Incas, Aztecs Sophisticated in many fields of knowledge but lack … 1. Draft Animals 2. Nation states- or dense concentrations of populations

  4. Exceptions to the Rule Mound Builders- Ohio River Valley Early on settlers claimed mounds had been created by societies other than Natives….WHY

  5. Exceptions to the Rule Cahokia - (near Saint Louis) Mississippian Culture- 25,000 at its peak Anasazis- New Mexico Region While prosperous, even major nation states in American on decline by 1300.

  6. Exceptions to the Rule Three Sister Farming- squash, maize, beans- Choctaw, Creeks, Cherokees

  7. Generalizations about Native Americans Sparsely populated Division of labor- more respect for women Not exactly “one” with nature. Minimal numbers will reduce their environmental effects

  8. Europeans, all about that money! Marco Polo (never was in China) writes Books of the Marvels of the World- describing the wonders of China- makes Europeans want a faster route to the east Muslim middlemen extract large fees from traveling merchants

  9. The Portuguese Build caravel- ship that can sail more closely in the wind. Plus figure out how to sail along dangerous African Coasts Adopt majority of ways from Muslim slave trade.

  10. The Portuguese Develop plantation system- large scale commercial agriculture and the wholesale exploitation of slave labor. Use various African islands for this purpose.

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