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Solids

Solids. Chapter 16. Solids are defined as matter that vibrate about fixed points. The atoms or molecules that vibrate in their fixed positions are in rigid shapes arranged in units which form repeating patterns Definition of crystals

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Solids

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  1. Solids Chapter 16

  2. Solids are defined as matter that vibrate about fixed points • The atoms or molecules that vibrate in their fixed positions are in rigid shapes arranged in units which form repeating patterns • Definition of crystals • Crystallographers classified crystals based on their external shapes • 7 crystal systems, page 398

  3. Unit Cells • Crystals arrangement themselves into larger patterns called Unit Cells • Three of the simplest unit cell arrangements are: • Simple cubic • Body centered cubic (bcc) • Face centered cubic (fcc)

  4. Space Lattice • The three dimensional arrangement of unit cells • All solid matter is one of only 32 combinations of unit cells and crystal systems (Amazing!!!)

  5. Isomorphous – materials with the same crystal structure and shape but different chemical composition • NaCl, KCl, RbCl • Polymorphous - same chemical composition but different crystalline shapes. • Carbon , graphite, diamonds, bucky balls, nanotubes

  6. Properties of Crystals • All instrinsic properties of crystals remaim the same regardless of crystal size. • Internal angle, density, melting point, face angles remain the same • Crystal size depends of the speed of crystallization, slower speeds results in larger, more perfect crystals, • Pressure and temperature affect crystal formation

  7. Extensive properties such as mass, volume, or length vary based on size

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