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Colonial America: 1587-1770

Colonial America: 1587-1770. The Middle Colonies. England Seizes the Dutch Colonies. Bkgd. 1497- John Cabot claims all land b/t Newfoundland and Florida for England Considered Dutch colony of New Netherland to be intruders on English soil Mad about Dutch reselling Virginia tobacco

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Colonial America: 1587-1770

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  1. Colonial America: 1587-1770 The Middle Colonies

  2. England Seizes the Dutch Colonies • Bkgd. • 1497- John Cabot claims all land b/t Newfoundland and Florida for England • Considered Dutch colony of New Netherland to be intruders on English soil • Mad about Dutch reselling Virginia tobacco • Tobacco trade was England’s!!! • 1664- King Charles II gave brother James (Duke of York) a grant w/ New Netherland in it! • Sent warships to make sure wouldn’t be a problem • New Netherland’s Governor Peter Stuyvesant • Colorful, peg-legged, military hero • Ruled for 17 years • Land diverse, people too • Many languages • To fix colony’s $ problems, he raises taxes

  3. New York / New Jersey • 1664- Warships arrive in New Amsterdam • People surrender immediately • Rename it after James, the Duke of York • James gave big land grants to loyal friends • Area b/t Hudson and Delaware Rivers to Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley of Stratton • New Jersey • Attracts settlers quickly • Land on easy terms • Religious freedom • Voting right for legislature • 1670- Quakers buy western part of colony

  4. Quakers Found Colony • 1681- Charles II gives large land grant to William Penn (Jr.) • Owes father, Admiral William Penn, $81,000 • Wealthy, high social status • But… he’s a Quaker! • Quakers stressed… • Religious tolerance • Simplicity • Kindness to others • Opposed any use of force • Wanted religious, social, and political freedom • All this makes English believe Quakers radicals! • Plus… Not Anglican! • Quakers often imprisoned, tortured, or hung I’m William Penn the Quaker Oats Guy!!

  5. What’s in a Name? • Penn (Jr.) granted colony b/c Charles II owes his father $81,000 • Admiral William Penn • Dies in 1670 • Debt cancelled with land grant • Wants to name it Penn’s Land (for Dad) • King’s Council says NO! b/c Quaker • Names it Sylvania (woods) • King Charles II renames Pennsylvania • Meaning “Penn’s Woods” in honor of his friend

  6. Pennsylvania • Penn pays natives for land & treats as equals • Sets up capital as Philadelphia personally • Meaning “Brotherly Love” • Attracts settlers w/ stories of great soil and climate • Promises • Religious freedom • A voice in gov’t • Prospers from beginning • Produces large crops of wheat and other food crops • 1682- gets more land and expands west to Delaware Bay • Defeat of Dutch by Duke of York • Penn’s Quaker beliefs not good according to Dutch settlers already in the area • Begin petitioning for autonomy • Granted in 1704 • Delaware Colony

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