The Age of Jackson

1. The Age of Jackson Andrew Jackson’s Controversial Presidency

2. Election of 1824 John Q. Adams (Whig Party) runs against Andrew Jackson (Democrat) Jackson wins the popular (people) vote but not the required majority of electoral votes Twelveth amendment states when the electoral college cannot elect a President the House of Representatives (Congress) will decide the election

3. Election of 1824 Congress votes in John Q. Adams as President Jackson’s supporters say the Presidency was robbed Henry Clay who “gives” his electoral votes to Adams is then given the Secretary of State job Situation known as the “Corrupt Bargain”

4. 6. John Quincy Adams (1825-1829) Father was John Adams, the 2nd President of the U.S. Was in politics most of his life, was a Federalist then turned Democratic-Republican in 1809 Only serves one-term as President like his father Will have most of his ideas blocked in Congress by Jackson’s supporters Passes the Tariff of 1828 (also known as the “Tariff of Abominations”) which hurts him politically First President to have photo taken (1843)

5. Tariff of Abomination Protective Tariff – (Def) High tax on imports to protect U.S. businesses against foreign competition selling the same products Adams (Northerner) passes law that hurts the South by: Increased tax on imports forcing South to buy Northern products which cost more British begins to send less products and buy less cotton from the South Angers South who blame the Northern states for losing business

6. Election of 1828 Expanded Suffrage – voting rights given to all white male adult citizens (did not need to own land The “common man” (southern farmers and eastern factory workers) were strongly against the rich and the national bank The South and West voted for Jackson, the North for Adams Presidency strengthens new “Democratic Party” that continues today

7. Election of 1828 • Nominating Conventions – after 1828, political parties are stronger and use conventions to choose presidential nominee (candidate) and party platform (what a party supports)…also allows citizen participation

8. 7. Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) Former General famous for winning the Battle of New Orleans and fight the Indian Wars Came from humble, poor beginnings At age 13 joined the fight for independence during the American Revolution Known as “Ol’ Hickory” and the “People’s President” Wife Rachael, dies shortly after winning the 1828 election which was very hard on her reputation Jackson vows revenge against all those who hurt her

9. 7. Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) Interesting Facts: Almost wasn’t eligible to be President, mother traveled from Ireland while pregnant Was a momma’s boy, hated the Indians because they threatened her when he was young Carried a bullet in his chest for much of his life from a duel (wife insults) Very short temper Considered the “Father of American Democracy” Inauguration party became a completely out of control drinking party

10. Jacksonian Democracy Will be thought of by some as a dictatorship Wanted a government by the people, that spread power to everyone Democracy in social, economic, and political life Wanted a limited government but with a strong president Spoils System- The act of replacing government officials with your own supporters.

11. Nullification Crisis Closing the 2nd National Bank

12. Sectionalism Indian Policy

13. Warm-Up Nullification – (def) to void, revoke Does a state have a right to decide not to follow a federal (national) law? How do you feel about a state wanting to leave the Union (United States)? Do they have a right to do so? What kind of problems do you see happening for the country if one does or tries to? How would you feel if you were part of a state that wanted to secede (leave the US) but didn’t want to?

14. Nullification Crisis South Carolina declares federal tariff illegal and cancelledJackson threatens use of forceState backs down but still feel the states have right to “nullify” federal laws Indian Removal Act (1830) – requires tribes to move west of the Mississippi River so that whites could settle their lands Trail of Tears – Jackson has troops force/escort Cherokee to new land west of the Mississippi; thousands die of cold, hunger and disease Native American Issues

15. National Bank Jackson feels bank is corrupt and wants to “kill” itPulls all the government’s money out of the bank to force it to closeBank closes and money put into “pet” banks