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The Age of Jackson

The Age of Jackson. Adams’ July 4, 1821 Speech.

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The Age of Jackson

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  1. The Age of Jackson

  2. Adams’ July 4, 1821 Speech “What ever the standard of freedom and independence has been or shall be unfurled, there will her [America’s] heart,… and her prayers be. But she goes not abroad in search of monsters to destroy. She is well-wisher to the freedom and independence of all.” The United States has no designs on the territory of other nations or become a world police.

  3. New Political Parties • Republican Party splits • National Republicans-Adams • Democrats-Jackson

  4. 1824 Election • Andrew Jackson wins popular vote but not electoral vote. • Adams elected by the House with Clay’s support. • Jackson claims corruption. -Forms Democratic Party to block Adams policies.

  5. Democracy and Citizenship • Increased suffrage-The right to vote. • States ease voting qualification; few require land ownership. • By 1828, 3X new voters help Jackson win the presidency.

  6. Spoils System • Limits appointees to federal jobs to four-years terms. • Replaces them with his friends. - “kitchen cabinet”

  7. Jackson Opposes the Bank • Vetoes bill to recharter Second Bank of the United States. -privileged institution that favors the wealthy.

  8. Pet Banks • Jackson puts fed. money in state banks loyal to Demo. Party. -print paper money to excess gold and silver. -Gov. demands gold and silver specie (coins) to pay for land. -Rush to exchange paper money for specie, bank stop taking paper. • B.U.S. can not be saved.

  9. Indian Removal Act of 1830 • Remove or Assimilate? • Jackson says remove them. • Funds treaties that forces Native Amer. west. -pressures some, forcibly removes others.

  10. Trail of Tears • 800-mile trip west made on foot. • Native Amer. robbed by everyone, 30% die from exposure, disease, and starvation.

  11. Nullification, South Carolina Rebels • Threatens to secede due to 1828, 1832 tariffs. • Congress passes Force Bill. -Army and navy can be used against SC. • Henry Clay proposes tariff that lowers duties over ten years.

  12. Whig Party • Forms to back American System, oppose Jackson.

  13. Jackson Legacy • Martin Van Buren wins 1836 election with Jackson’s help.

  14. Panic of 1837 • Bank closings, collapse of credit system. -People lose savings, businesses bankrupted. -A third of pop. out of work. • Van Buren unable to solve economy.

  15. Harrison and Tyler • Whig William Henry Harrison wins 1840 election. -Enacts Whig program to revitalize economy. -Died a month later, succeeded V.P John Tyler. -Tyler opposes many parts of Whig economic plan.

  16. Harrison Tyler

  17. How did Andrew Jackson justify the spoils system? (pg. 228) • What were the arguments for and against the second Bank of the United States? (pg. 236-7) • Explain the Trail of Tears and President Jackson’s respond to the ruling of Worcester v. Georgia. (pg. 231-233) • What was the conflict between state and federal powers and how did it lead to concept of nullification and secession? (pg. 238-239)

  18. Vocabulary • Andrew Jackson • Suffrage • Caucus • Nominating Convention • Spoils System • Nullification • Secede • Indian Removal Act • Indian Territory • Sequoyah • Trail of Tear

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