THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

1. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

2. 13th Amendment Made slavery illegal in the United States. Many states passed laws to protect the rights of Blacks, but white people against racial equality, mostly from the South, fought against similar laws when Congress tried to pass them. In addition to the equality issue, some states did not accept the Thirteenth Amendment because they believed freeing the slaves would cause other problems.

3. 14th Amendment Stated that all people who were born in the United States, including African-Americans, are considered natural citizens and have the same rights as all other Americans. It also prohibited any state from making or enforcing any laws that took away or hurt an individual’s civil rights.

4. 15th Amendment Prohibited the national and state governments from refusing citizens the right to vote because of their race, color, or because they were a slave at one time.

5. Did African Americans become equal following the passage of these Amendments ? • Reconstruction: the aim of the federal government to reincorporate the south, protect African Americans and enforce the 13th, 14th and 15th amendment • Who was supporting the newly freed slave? Democrats or Republicans

6. How long did reconstruction last? • Compromise of 1877 • The presidential election of 1876 was disputed • A compromise was made between the Democrats and the Republicans • The Republican candidate Rutherford Hayes would take office as long as he promised to remove federal troops from the south • What effect did this have?

7. Southern Redemption • White racist southerners used state legislation to enact “Jim Crow” Laws to deny African Americans their constitutional rights • Jim Crow laws: segregation in public and private institutions based on the ides of separate but equal that came from the Supreme Court • African Americans became second class citizens • Was this legal?

8. What we are going to do today… • Figure out what types of inequalities existed during this time • Think about what the atmosphere was like during the 1950s and 1960s • Think about how and why people came together to address these inequalities

9. MUSIC AND THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT LEQ: HOW DOES CULTURE HAVE AN INFLUENCE ON POLITICAL EVENTS LESSON OBJECTIVE: By the end of this lesson students will have listened to and analyzed music from the 1960s in order to introduce the grievances, inequalities and demands that formed into the Civil Rights Movement

10. “We shall over come” –became popular in 1963 Deep in my heart I do believe someday we will be free some day we will all be free I may not know how long it will be, someday we will all be free X3 Hold on my brother, give me your hand Someday we will all be free, someday we be Learning to love we will find our way Someday we will all be free x3 We shall overcome, we shall overcome, we shall overcome someday Deep in my heart I do believe we shall overcome someday We shall overcome, we shall overcome, we shall overcome someday Deep in my heart I do believe we shall overcome, we shall overcome, we shall overcome some day Deep in my heart I do believe someday we will all be free, some day we will all be free We shall overcome some day

11. Connection to the Civil Rights Movement • Trying to overcome racism and discrimination • Saying they are not sure how long it will take but it will happen eventually • “take my hand” encourages unity within the movement

12. What effect did this song have on society? • Who listened to this song? • What feeling did you get when you heard the song? • How do you think you would have felt if it was the 1960s ? • What effect do you think it had on society?

13. “We Shall Overcome” –Martin Luther King Speech • “We Shall Overcome” became the slogan of the Civil Rights Movement • What is MLK saying in his speech? • What does he want people to do? • What effect did this slogan have on society?

14. “PEOPLE GET READY” – WRITTEN BY CURTIS MAYFEILD IN 1965 (FOLLOW ALONG AS I PLAY THE MUSIC) Let me tell you now People get ready, there's a train coming' You don't need no baggage, you just get on board All you need is faith to hear the diesel humming' You don't need no ticket, you just thank the lord People get ready, there's a train to Jordan Picking up passengers coast to coast Faith is the key, open the doors and board them There's hope for all among those loved the most There ain't no room for the hopeless sinner Who would hurt all mankind Just to save his own Leave me now Have pity on those whose chances grow thinner For there is no hiding place against the kingdoms throne So people get ready there's a train coming' You don't need no baggage, you just get on board All you need is faith to hear the diesel humming' You don't need no ticket, you just thank the lord.

15. Connection to the Civil Rights Movement • March on Washington • Bombing of 16th Street Baptist Church in Alabama • “The train that is coming in the song speaks to a chance for redemption- the long sought chance to rise above racism to stand apart from despair and any desire for retaliation – an end to the cycle of pain” – npr music critic

16. What effect did this song have on society? • Who listened to this song? • What feeling did you get when you heard the song? • How do you think you would have felt if it was the 1960s ? • What effect do you think it had on society?

17. “Strange Fruit” written in the 1930s Southern trees bear strange fruit Blood on the leaves and blood at the root Black bodies swinging in the southern breeze Strange fruit hanging from the poplar trees Pastoral scene of the gallant south Budging eyes and twisted mouth Scent of Magnolia sweet and short Then the sudden smell of burning flesh Here is a fruit for the crows to pluck For the rain to gather for the wind to soak for the sun to rot for the leaves to drop Here is a strange and bitter cry

18. Connection to the Civil Rights Movement • Describes the violence and horror that is going on in the South to the African American population • A popular song could spread awareness

19. What effect did this song have on society? • Who listened to this song? • What feeling did you get when you heard the song? • How do you think you would have felt if it was the 1960s ? • What effect do you think it had on society?

20. “Times are a changing” –Bob Dylan1962 Come writers and critics who prophesies with your pen and keep your eyes wide the chance wont come again and don’t speak too soon for the wheels still in spin and there no telling who that its naming for the loser now will be the winner for the times they are changing Come senators , congressmen please heed the call don’t stand in the doorway don’t block up the hall for he that gets hurt will be he who has stalled there a battle outside raging it soon shake your windows and rattle your walls for the times they are a changing Come mothers and fathers throughout the land and don’t criticize what you cant understand your sons and your daughters are beyond your command your old road is rapidly again please get out of the new one if you can't lend your hand for the times they are a changing

21. Connection to the Civil Rights Movement • Promises change • Calling people to action • Writers and critics • Senators and congressmen • Mothers and Fathers

22. What effect did this song have on society? • Who listened to this song? • What feeling did you get when you heard the song? • How do you think you would have felt if it was the 1960s ? • What effect do you think it had on society?

23. “Only a pawn in their game”-Bob Dylan 1964 A bullet from the back of a bush took Medgar Evers blood. A finger fired the trigger to hi name. A handle hid out the dark a hand set the spark two eyes took the aim behind a mans brain but he cant be blamed he is only a pawn in their game A South politician preaches to the poor white man"You got more than blacks, don't complain You're better than them, you been born with white skin" they explain And the Negro's name Is used it is plain For the politician's gain As he rises to fame And the poor white remains On the caboose of the train But it ain't him to blame He's only a pawn in their game The deputy sheriffs, the soldiers, the governors get paid And the marshals and cops get the sameBut the poor white man's used in the hands of them all like a tool He's taught in his school From the start by the rule That the laws are with him To protect his white skin To keep up his hate So he never thinks straight 'Bout the shape that he's in But it ain't him to blame He's only a pawn in their game.

24. From the poverty shacks, he looks from the cracks to the tracks And the hoof beats pound in his brain And he's taught how to walk in a pack Shoot in the backWith his fist in a clench To hang and to lynch To hide 'neath the hood To kill with no pain Like a dog on a chain He ain't got no name But it ain't him to blame He's only a pawn in their game. Today, Medgar Evers was buried from the bullet he caught They lowered him down as a king But when the shadowy sun sets on the one That fired the gun He'll see by his graveOn the stone that remains Carved next to his nameHis epitaph plain: Only a pawn in their game.

25. Connection to the Civil Rights Movement • Talking about the murder of Meager Evers who was a civil rights leader • Spread the word about what was happening to those fighting for civil rights • Shows how whites think they are superior to blacks in the south • Show what is going on in the south • Manipulation of politicians • Police and sheriffs not doing their jobs, not protecting African Americans

26. What effect did this song have on society? • Who listened to this song? • What feeling did you get when you heard the song? • How do you think you would have felt if it was the 1960s ? • What effect do you think it had on society?

27. “Going down to Mississippi”1964 I'm going down to Mississippi, I'm going down a southern road, And if you never see me again, Remember that I had to go, Remember that I had to go It's a long road down to Mississippi, It's a short road back the other way, If the cops pull you over to the side of the road, You won't have nothing to say, No, you won't have nothing to sayThere's a man waiting down in Mississippi And he's waiting with a rifle in his hand And he's looking down the road for an out-of-state car And he thinks he's fighting for his land Yes, he thinks he's fighting for his landthe same I'd be going down just the same

28. And he won't know the clothes I'm wearing And he doesn't know the name that I own But his gun is large and his hate is hard And he knows I'm coming down the roadYes, he knows I'm coming down the road It's not for the glory that I'm leaving It's not trouble that I'm looking forBut there's lots of good work calling me down And The waiting won't do no moreNo, The waiting won't do no more Don't call me the brave one for going No, don't pin a medal to my name For even if there was any choice to make I'd be going down just the same I'd be going down just the same

29. Connection to the Civil Rights Movement • Many people came down to the south to promote equality • These people were not welcomes by southerners • These brave men and women were essential to the Civil Rights Movement • Freedom riders

30. What effect did this song have on society? • Who listened to this song? • What feeling did you get when you heard the song? • How do you think you would have felt if it was the 1960s ? • What effect do you think it had on society?

31. “This little light of mine”1900s This little light of mine, I’m going to let it shine Let it shine, let it shine, let it shine, let it shine Every where I go, I’m going to let it shine, let it shine, let it shine, let it shine Oh down the road, I’m going to let it shine Come on and go with me Let it shine, let it shine, let it shine This little light of mine, I’m going to let it shine

32. Connection to the Civil Rights Movement • Unity among the movement • Spiritual • Motivational • Uplifting

33. What effect did this song have on society? • Who listened to this song? • What feeling did you get when you heard the song? • How do you think you would have felt if it was the 1960s ? • What effect do you think it had on society?