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The Civil Rights Movement. Mr. Blais America in the World. Central High School, Little Rock Arkansas. Sit-ins. Sit-ins were another form of nonviolent protest They were begun in 1960 when four African-American students sat at a southern dinner and refused to leave until they were served
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The Civil Rights Movement Mr. Blais America in the World
Sit-ins • Sit-ins were another form of nonviolent protest • They were begun in 1960 when four African-American students sat at a southern dinner and refused to leave until they were served • Only 7 months later 70,000 students around the country were using sit-ins to create social change
Violence in Birmingham • In April 1963 Birmingham police used fire hoses, clubs, and attack dogs on men, women, and children partaking in a peaceful demonstration. • These attacks were seen by millions of Americans by way of the television. • Americans were outraged and President Kennedy now fully supported the civil rights activists.
March on Washington • This was the largest civil rights demonstration in U.S. with over 200,000 people involved. • They marched on Washington to support the passing of Kennedy’s Civil Rights bill that was being debated in Congress. • This is where Martin Luther King Jr. made his ‘I Have A Dream’ speech and when America and the world realized just how many people supported the civil rights bill
Civil and Voting Rights • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Stated that all citizens should have equal access to public facilities and private businesses. Also outlawed job discrimination and discrimination in education • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Solidified voting rights for all minorities in America • Both bills were signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ) after Kennedy’s assassination
Black Muslims • This group, founded in the 1930s, preached the idea of black nationalismor the idea that African-Americans should completed separate themselves from whites and govern themselves. • They also advocated for self-defense and one of their most popular speakers was Malcolm X. • He was later shot and killed in 1965for his rift with the ideals of the Nation of Islam.
Black Power and the Black Panthers • This was a new philosophy developed during the Civil Rights Movement which stated: • Blacks need to take back control of all aspects of their lives, separate from whites, and do it with violence if necessary • This idea also preached racial distinctiveness and pride • The Black Panthers, a militant group, took black power to an extreme and called for blacks to arm themselves and force whites to grant them equal rights.
Riots and the Death of MLK • From 1963-1968 riots broke out in major cities throughout the U.S. • Most riots happened due to poor wages, housing, and jobs available to African-Americans in the cities • Then when MLK was assassinated in 1968 major riots broke out in over 125 cities. • The death of a nonviolent man caused an outbreak of violence.
