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Map of Syria

HONORARY CONSULATE OF LITHUANIA Damascus - Syria Presented in Vilnius on 4 December 2007 by: Mr. Nawar Sukkar Honorary Consul General. Map of Syria. Syrian Figures. Area: 185,180 km2 Land boundaries: total: 2,253 km

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Map of Syria

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  1. HONORARY CONSULATE OF LITHUANIADamascus - SyriaPresented in Vilnius on 4 December 2007by: Mr. Nawar SukkarHonorary Consul General

  2. Map of Syria

  3. Syrian Figures Area: 185,180 km2 Land boundaries: total: 2,253 km Border countries: Iraq 605 km, Palestine 76 km, Jordan 375 km, Lebanon 375 km, Turkey 822 km Population 19,314,747 Religions : Sunni Muslim 74%, other Muslim (includes Alawite, Druze) 16%, Christian (various denominations) 10%, Jewish (minor communities) Ethnic groups:Arab 90.3%, Kurds, Armenians, and other 9.7%

  4. Syrian Economy Natural resources: Petroleum, Phosphates, Chrome and Manganese Ores, Asphalt, Iron Ore, Rock Salt, Marble, Gypsum, Hydropower Economy growth: 2.9% in real terms in 2006 GDP (purchasing power parity): $78.04 billion GDP (official exchange rate): $24.26 billion GDP - real growth rate: 5.1% GDP - per capita (PPP): $4,100 GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 24.8%, industry: 25.1%, services: 50.1%

  5. Syrian Economy Labor force: 5.276 million Unemployment rate: 8.1% Inflation rate (consumer prices): 10% Investment (gross fixed): 25.9% of GDP Agriculture Products:Wheat, Barley, Cotton, Lentils, Chickpeas, Olives, Sugar Beets; Beef, Mutton, Eggs, Poultry, Milk Industries: Petroleum, Textiles, Food Processing, Beverages, Tobacco, Phosphate rock, Cement, Oil seeds crushing Electricity - production: 33.01 billion kWh

  6. Syrian Economy Exports: $9.713 billion Exports Commodities: Crude Oil, Petroleum Products, Fruits and Vegetables, Cotton Fiber, Clothing, Meat and Live Animals, Wheat Exports Partners:Iraq 27.3%, Germany 12.2%, Lebanon 9.5%, Italy 6.6%, Egypt 5.3%, Saudi Arabia 4.7% Imports: $10.54 billion Imports Commodities: Machinery and Transport Equipment, Electric Power Machinery, Food and Livestock, Metal and Metal Products, Chemicals and Chemical Products, Plastics, Yarn, Paper

  7. Syrian Economy Imports - partners:Saudi Arabia 12.3% China 7.9% Egypt 6.2% UAE 6% Italy 4.9% Ukraine 4.8% Germany 4.7% Iran 4.5% Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $5.715 billion Debt - external:$6.601 billion; note - excludes military debt and debt to Russia Telephones Main lines: 2.903 million, Mobile cellular: 4.675 million

  8. Economic Reform Programme The Government of Syria has implemented modest economic reforms in the past few years, including: A new investment law Establishment of a public organization for investment Development and establishment of new Free Trade Zones Cutting lending interest rates Opening private banks Establishment of private sector insurance companies Banking secrecy law A new income tax law Special law for combating money laundering Consolidating some of the multiple exchange rates Raising prices on some subsidized items, most notably, gasoline and cement.

  9. Economic Reform Programme Full implementation of the Greater Arab Free Trade Agreement (GAFTA) since January 2005 Initialing the Syrian — EU Association Agreement in 2004 The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Turkey, which follows the pattern of the Syrian — EU Association Agreement, entered into force in 2007 Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA) was signed with Iran in 2005 Simplifying and enforcing foreign trade regulations, and working to completely eliminate the Negative list of imports (90% of the commodities have been liberalized till now, and efforts are ongoing for further liberalization) Ongoing efforts on both national and international levels regarding the accession of Syria to the WTO

  10. Syria & the EU 45.5 EU 55.5 Others SYRIAN EXPORTS 44.5 %of total Syrian Exports are to the EU

  11. Syria & the EU 25 % EU 75 % Others SYRIAN IMPORTS 25% of total Syrian Imports are from the EU

  12. Doing Business with SyriaThe Agro- Food Industry Syria is well known for a wide range of fruits, vegetables, meats, grains and dairy products. With investment on the rise and trade liberalization steadily being implemented, the agro-food sector in Syria provides extraordinary potential The Syrian market is open for opportunities with foreign partners offering a wide scope of cooperation deals: investment ventures, licensing agreements, transfer of know-how and trade deals This sector employs about 27% of the labour force directly and another 20% indirectly; and contributes to around 30% of the GDP. It also accounts for 20% of total exports

  13. Doing Business with SyriaThe Agro- Food Industry The agro-industry is considered the second largest manufacturing industry in Syria after the textile industry. It accounted for 31% of the total manufacturing value added Syria has a long tradition in the agro-industry, and offers cheap and yet qualified labour force. Its high quality raw materials are in abundant supply, input costs are low and private entrepreneurship is deeply rooted within this sector. Syria’s close location to Europe is a vital advantage, as it can benefit from the relocation of labor-intensive operations from Europe to neighboring countries

  14. Doing Business with SyriaThe Agro- Food Industry Fruits and vegetables are among Syria’s most plentiful products for food processing, and their exports go mostly to the Gulf countries. Another promising resource for food processing is olive oil, which ranks Syria as the fourth in the world. Increasing fourfold between 1992 and 2000, olive oil needs new technologies and more innovative packaging and marketing to reach its potential export figures Large European companies and global groups have set up very successful projects. Selected examples of these are the Spanish producer of olive oil “Aceites del Sur”, the French processed cheese manufacturer “Group Bel”, and “Nestle”

  15. Doing Business with SyriaTextile The Syrian textile industry is increasingly a key source of export earnings for the country Syria’s textile industry has many strong points including an abundance of skilled, experienced and inexpensive labor, compared to Europe The production of yarns in Syria strongly relies on the country’s large supplies of cotton. Syria is a major producer of cotton (800,000 Tone/Year) Production of cotton yarns increased significantly in the last few years. Total production of cotton yarns stood at 107,610 tones in 2004, an almost 50% rise in less than four years.

  16. Doing Business with SyriaOil & Gas Syria’s first commercial oil field began production in 1968, but it was not until the mid-1980s that exports started Oil has become a major pillar of the Syrian economy and its share of total exports has risen to over 60% in recent years Syria’s oil production peaked at 604,000 barrels per day (bpd) in 1996 and has been in gentle decline ever since, with today production no more than 350,000 bpd Refining capacity is currently 250,000 bpd at 2 refineries. A third plant is planned at Deir al-Zour to serve the east of the country  Syria’s reserves were never large, and official sources now expect the country to become a net oil importer within 20 years

  17. Doing Business with SyriaTourism Sector Syria has the necessary potential to make its tourism sector as energetic as it is in many of its neighboring countries such as Lebanon or Egypt, if not more Syria can be pictured as a huge open-air museum, with historic sites and monuments illustrating 20 different civilizations across the history of humankind Syria, often called the “cradle of civilization”, is the home of the first alphabet ever, the home of the first encryptions, and the first library ever Syria offers a wide spectrum of landscape ranging from arid deserts to mountains, green fertile land around the legendary Euphrates and other Syrian rivers in addition to a beautiful coastline along the Mediterranean

  18. Doing Business with SyriaTourism Sector Syria’s urban and rural population offers worldwide famous hospitality, generosity and tolerance for foreigners. Visitors can also enjoy a wide variety of folkloric activities, traditional artisanship and renowned cuisine The sites, which foreign tourists most commonly visit, include the cities of Damascus, Aleppo and Hama, the Crack des Chevaliers, the Euphrates River, the Mediterranean coast, and the Roman ruins in the desert at Palmyra Deficiencies in the Syrian tourism services include a comparative lack of foreign language skills among Syrian workers The government’s ambitious plan in terms of tourism aims to attract 5 millions tourists by the year 2010

  19. Investing in Syria WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF INVESTING IN SYRIA? • Advancements in economic reform • Strategic geographic location • Stable and secure environment • Variety of natural resources • Acceptable infrastructure • Reliable and cheap labor force • Equipped industrial Zones • Taxation incentives, exemption and rebates • Several mutual agreements and treaties to encourage and protect investments • Low costs of production

  20. Investing in Syria Types of Available Investments • Direct Investment: Fully funded by the investor in accordance with the investment law • Partnership investment: Local partner (public or private) with foreign investors in project finance methodology • B.O.T. investments type

  21. Investing in Syria

  22. Projects open for Investment in Syria • Industrial Investment Opportunities • Food industries • Packaging • Agro-industrial projects • Textiles and textile machinery • Spare-parts industry • Consumer products • Chemical and pharmaceutical industry • Petrochemical projects • Leather industry • Industry requirements • IT projects • Cement production • Car assembling and manufacturing

  23. Projects open for Investment in Syria • Infrastructure - Industrial City of Deir Ezzour - Tartous-Iraqi Borders Toll highway - Railway Tracks investment - Freight Sea Villages - Aircraft and engine Services Centre - International Airports Five stars Hotel - Private or JV Passenger Airlines Co. - Homs Airport - Raqaa Airport - Euphrates River water Pipeline Energy - Oil Refinery in Banias - Oil Refinery in Deir Ezzour - Natural Gas Production Plant - Electric Power plants Expansion - Hydro-Electric Plant - Wind Energy Farms

  24. Projects open for Investment in Syria Manufacturing industry - Mixed Cotton spinning & Yarn thread production - Textile Dyeing industry - White sugar, yeast and medical alcohol factory - Heat-resistant glass kitchen-ware (Pyrex) - Solid waste recycling plant - Milk & Diary production - Ammonia-Urea Chemical Fertilizer Factory - Triple Super Phosphate Chemical Fertilizer Factory - Integrated Project for olive oil compressing and refining plant - Squeezed & Condensed Grape and Cider Factory - Modern Irrigation Material & Machinery Factory - Drainage Water-Plastic Pipes Factory - Tire Manufacturing Plant

  25. Projects open for Investment in Syria • Agricultural - Fishery Production Project in Al Assad Lake - Fruits and Vegetables Preparing - Other Investment Opportunities Tourism - Hama Boutique Hotel - Lattakia Hotel - Deir Ezzour Hotel - Tartous Hotel - Banaias Resort - Rural Damascus Chain Hotels - Lattakia Tower - Aleppo Eco-Tourism Hotel - Qadmous Hotel - Hassakeh Hotel - Swaida Hotel - Palmyra Hotel - Homs Hotel

  26. THANK YOU Pleased to answer any query or question during the Reception

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