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Life in the New England and Middle Colonies - History, Economy, and Culture

Explore the settlements of the New England and Middle Colonies, their economy, government, and important figures like John Winthrop, Roger Williams, and Anne Hutchinson. Discover the diverse cultures and beliefs that shaped these regions during the colonial era.

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Life in the New England and Middle Colonies - History, Economy, and Culture

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  1. 13 Colonies

  2. The New England Colonies Massachusetts (now Maine) New Hampshire Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island Picture Credit: http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/OakViewES/harris/97-98/america/colonization/colonies-ne/ne-intro.html

  3. Reasons for coming to the USA. • Some people didn’t like the Church of England. • They wanted the Church to be more pure. These people were called Puritans. • They decided to start a colony in the North East part of the USA.

  4. Settling in Massachusetts • John Winthrop was the leader of the Puritans. • The colony’s first settlement was Boston along the Charles River. Picture Credit: http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl310/winthrop.htm

  5. Geography and Climate • Long, cold winters • Short, mild summers • Poor, rocky soil • Good harbors, rivers

  6. Economy and Resources • Whaling and Fishing • Lumber (shipbuilding) • Barter System (trading) • Free Market Economy- people are free to choose what to make or buy

  7. Products and Crops • Grew few crops • Farmed dairy and wheat • Fish • Fur • Lumber

  8. Government • Town Meetings- voted on laws and leaders, only white men could vote • Mayflower compact

  9. Culture and Beliefs • Puritans- came for religious purposes • Lived under strict rules • School was extremely important

  10. Colonial Life • Massachusetts and Connecticut had laws saying that if there were 50 families, a teacher needed to be hired and a school setup. • These schools were called grammar or writing schools. Picture Credit: http://alumni.cc.gettysburg.edu/~s330558/schooling.html

  11. Schools • Boys went to grammar schools while girls went to dame school. • School teachers were strict and were allowed to hit their students or make them wear a dunce hat. • Hornbooks

  12. Important People • John Winthrop • Roger Williams • Anne Hutchinson

  13. Roger Williams • Roger Williams believed you should tolerate other people’s beliefs in God. • He left Massachusetts and started a colony, Providence. Picture Credit: www.nuwc.navy.mil/hq/ history/0003.html

  14. Anne Hutchinson • Anne Hutchinson was a woman who believed you could go directly to God so you could pray to God without going through a priest. • She moved to Providence with Roger Williams and started the Rhode Island Colony. Picture Credit: www.pbs.org/.../kids/civilrights/ features_hutchison.html

  15. Middle Colonies NY • New York (NY) • New Jersey (NJ) • Delaware (DE) • Pennsylvania (PA) PA NJ DE Picture Credit: http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/graphics/13mapnew.htm

  16. Geography & Climate • Many waterways (large harbors and rivers) • Long summers • Fertile soil • Flat plains • Rolling hills Picture Credit: www.greenworks.tv/efp/ Lan_Farm_Trust.htm

  17. Economy and Resources • Fishing- Chesapeake Bay (sailors) • Port Cities- major trade centers (merchants and sailors) • Craftsmen, indentured servants, apprentices • Farmers- wheat, rye, corn

  18. Products and Crops • Known as the “Breadbasket Colonies” because they grew many grains (wheat, rye, corn) • Fur, beans, fish

  19. Government • Legislature called the General Assembly • Freedom of speech, religion, and trial by jury

  20. Culture and Beliefs • Very diverse region (People came from Germany, Scotland & Ireland. ) • -Quakers- a religious group who believed all people were equal (plain living, peaceful, against slavery and dancing)

  21. Interesting Facts about Middle Colonies • -Called Breadbasket of Colonial America. The farmers raised a surplus so they could sell. • The middle colonies belonged to the Dutch before the English took control • Philadelphia means brotherly love. Picture Credit: www.si.edu/resource/faq/ nmah/carriage.htm

  22. Nice to meet you...William Penn • -William Penn owned Pennsylvania and made it a place for religious freedom. • An English Quaker

  23. MD Southern Colonies VA • Maryland (MD) • Virginia (VA) • North Carolina (NC) • South Carolina (SC) • Georgia (GA) NC SC GA

  24. Geography and Climate • Rich land, plenty of rain & a long growing season. Coastal plains, swamps, forests, harbors. Picture Credit: www.ipgri.cgiar.org/networks/ cogent/gallery.htm

  25. Economy and Resources

  26. Products and Crops

  27. Government

  28. Culture and Beliefs • -Maryland was a safe place for Roman Catholics. • -South Carolina settled by French. • -Georgia founded by Oglethorpe for new start for debtors in England.

  29. Interesting Facts about Southern Colonies • -Planters’ duties to see that crops were planted, records kept, took care of everyone. • The cash crop for Virginia was Tobacco. Picture Credit: www.lattaplantation.org/ website.htm

  30. Important People

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