Earth, moon,& sun interactions

1. By: Harleen Sohi & Navpreet Sidhu Earth, moon,& sun interactions

2. Early Times • people thought earth was the center of the universe • believing that everything else including the Sun, the Moon, and other planets revolved around earth • that was called the Geocentric Model

3. Early Times Early Astronomers • Claudius Ptolemy – Greek, from 2nd century C.E • Nicolaus Copernicus - Polish/ Renaissance,1st person to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology • Galileo Galilei – Italian, helped play a major role in science revolution • Johannes Kepler- German, a key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution

4. The Moon • only natural satellite of Earth • fifth largest satellite in the solar system

5. Formation of the Moon • most accepted theory : Giant impact theory • planetary body(same size as mars) crashed into the young earth • large pieces of earth scattered in space • pieces than ended up orbiting earth and building into a sphere over a million years

6. Surface of the Moon • lunar highlands : light, heavily cratered areas of the surface • no atmosphere • covered in craters FUN FACT : All the mountains on the moon have names !

7. Moon’s Phases • moon doesn’t have its own light • reflects light from the sun • 29.5 days to revolve completely around earth • increasing sunlit- waxing • decreasing sunlit- waning

8. Earth and Moon Interactions • Earth is affected by the moon’s gravitational pull (moon and earth are so close to each other) • ocean waters are attracted from lunar gravity • low & high tidesform

9. Earth • the planet we live on • third planet from the sun in the solar system • densest and 5thlargest of the 8 planets in the solar system

10. Rotation & Tilt • Earth spins west to east on its axis • full rotation takes 23 hours 56 minutes and 4 seconds (one whole day) • sun rises in the east and sets in the west (day & night)

11. Axis Tilt • axis is tilted at 23.5° • sunlight strikes earth at different angles • positioning of the sun: north = winter, south = summer, equator = sun all year

12. Solstices • summer solstice: longest day of year = June 21 • winter solstice: shortest day of year = Dec. 21 • south have opposite solstice dates Fact: During the summer in far northern regions of the world, the sun may even be visible at midnight.

13. Lets Check Your Understanding Answer the following questions on your handout. • What is the same size as mars? • What is it called when people thought all the planets, moon, and sun revolved around earth? • Which astronomer presented new observations? • What is the summer solstice date for the north? • Explain the earth’s rotation. Which way does it spin? How long does it take?

14. Answers • C. Planetary Body • Geocentric Model • Nicolaus Copernicus • C. June 21 • Earth spins from west to east on its axis and takes 23 hours 56 minutes and 4 seconds to complete on full rotation.

15. THE END!HOPE YOU LEARNED LOTS !

16. Sources: • evolvernetwork.org • hdwpapers.org • 123rf.com • scienceblogs.com • en.wikipedia.org • glogster.com • blogs.agu.org