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THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS

THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS. 1920-38. VOCABULARY. JOSEF STALIN TOTALITARIANISM BENITO MUSSOLINI FASCISM ADOLF HITLER NAZISM NEUTRALITY ACTS. TIMELINE. 1922: MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER IN ITALY 1924: LENIN DIES / STALIN SEIZES POWER 1925: ADOLF HITLER PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF

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THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS

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  1. THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS 1920-38

  2. VOCABULARY • JOSEF STALIN • TOTALITARIANISM • BENITO MUSSOLINI • FASCISM • ADOLF HITLER • NAZISM • NEUTRALITY ACTS

  3. TIMELINE • 1922: MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER IN ITALY • 1924: LENIN DIES / STALIN SEIZES POWER • 1925: ADOLF HITLER PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF • 1931: JAPAN INVADES MANCHURIA • 1933: HITLER BECOMES CHANCELLOR OF GERMANY • 1936-38: THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR • 1937: JAPAN INVADES CHINA

  4. THE RISE OF DICTATORS • HOW DID WWI SET THE STAGE FOR WWII? • TREATY OF VERSAILLES PLACED HUGE FINANCIAL BURDEN ON SOME NATIONS • EX.: GERMANY & WAR REPARATIONS ($33 BILLION) • THIS CAUSED RESENTMENT THAT WAS MANIPULATED BY AMBITIOUS LEADERS • MANY NATIONS HAD NO EXPERIENCE WITH DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT • SO…IT WAS EASIER FOR DICTATORS TO SEIZE POWER • THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS HAD NO REAL POWER TO STOP AGGRESSION FROM DICTATORS

  5. Border Changes, 1919

  6. GERMANY AFTER VERSAILLES

  7. DICTATORS • WHAT NATIONS FELL VICTIM TO DICTATORSHIPS IN THE 1920’s & 30’s? • SOVIET UNION (RUSSIA) • ITALY • GERMANY • JAPAN • SPAIN • WHO SEIZED POWER IN EACH NATION? • SOVIET UNION: JOSEF STALIN, COMMUNISTPARTY • ITALY: BENITO MUSSOLINI (a.k.a.“IL DUCE” ) & THE FACSIST PARTY • SPAIN: GEN. FRANCISCO FRANCO - MILITARY DICTATORSHIP • JAPAN: 2 LEADERS: • EMPEROR HIROHITO • GEN. HIDEKI TOJO

  8. Adolf Hitler & Josef Stalin

  9. GERMANY • WHY DID GERMANY BECOME A DICTATORSHIP IN THE 1930’s? • GERMANY’S ECONOMY WAS DEVESTATED BY THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES • GERMAN LAND / RESOURCES WERE STRIPPED AWAY BY THE TREATY • EX.: THE RHINELAND SEIZED BY FRANCE • WHY IMPORTANT? – COAL, MINERAL RESOURCES WERE THERE • GERMAN PRIDE / HONOR WAS STAINED BY THE RESULTS OF WWI • MANY GERMANS WANTED TO REGAIN GERMAN HONOR & POWER • 1932: 6 MILLION GERMANS UNEMPLOYED • RESULT? CONDTIONS ARE PERFECT FOR THE RISE OF A DICTATOR

  10. ADOLF HITLER: • AUSTRIAN BY BIRTH • DECORATED SOLDIER IN GERMAN ARMY IN WWI • AMBITION WAS TO BE A PAINTER • REJECTED BY ART SCHOOL • HITLER IS RESENTFUL & RESTLESS • 1919: JOINED ORIGINAL NAZI PARTY • BECOMES NAZI FURHER, OR LEADER • 1923: HITLER LEADS THE “BEER HALL PUTSCH” IN MUNICH • IT FAILS, HE AND OTHER NAZIS ARE ARRESTED • TRIED AND IMPRISONED FOR TREASON / ATTEMPTED REBELLION • DICTATES MEIN KAMPF WHILE IN PRISON • 1925: PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF • NAZI PARTY: BASIC IDEAS; • EXTREME GERMAN NATIONALISM • EXTREME ANTI-SEMITISM / RACIAL IDEOLOGY • BELIEF IN NATIONAL EXPANSION, LEBENSRAUM • BELIEVED “ARYAN” RACE WAS DESTINED TO RULE • QUESTION: HOW DO NAZIS DEFINE “ARYAN”? • JANUARY, 1933: HITLER ELECTED CHANCELLOR • QUESTIONS: • WHY DID GERMANS SUPPORT HITLER? • WHAT METHODS DID NAZIS USE TO GAIN POWER? • NAZIS SEIZE POWER : THE THIRD REICH BEGINS

  11. Hitler In WWI German Army Adolf Hitler, 1 yr. old (1890)

  12. Hitler & Mussolini , Hitler on Time

  13. WAR IN EUROPE(SECTION 2) • VOCABULARY: • NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN • WINSTON CHURCHILL • APPEASEMENT • NONAGGRESSION PACT • BLITZKRIEG • CHARLES DE GAULLE

  14. TIMELINE / OUTBREAK OF WAR • 1938: • GERMANY FORCES AUSTRIA TO UNIFY W/GERMANY • CALLED THE “ANSCHLUSS” • HTILER CALLS FOR THE SUDETENLAND (Part of Czechoslovakia) • GERMANY SEIZES THE SUDETENLAND (Why?) • THE MUNICH CONFERENCE • HITLER “GUARANTEES’ NO MORE AGGRESSION • NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN(BRITISH PRIME MINISTER), & FRANCE ACCEPT AGREEMENT • BRITS./ FRENCH THINK APPEASEMENT WILL WORK • CHURCHILL PUBLICLY WARNS ABOUT NAZIS • 1939: • GERMANS SEIZE REMAINDER OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA • GERMAN – SOVIET NONAGGRESSION TREATY • GERMANY INVADES POLAND (SEPT.) • FRANCE, BRITIAN DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY • WW II BEGINS • 1940: • GERMANY INVADES / CONQUERS FRANCE • THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN

  15. Chamberlain, Hitler, MussoliniMunich, 1938

  16. Chamberlain with Chamberlain & Hitler at Munich “Guarantees” The Munich Conference

  17. WINSTON CHURCHILL

  18. WINSTON CHURCHILL

  19. BLITZKREIG • DEFINE: “BLITZKREIG” • HOW DID A BLITZKREIG OPERATE? • SEE DIAGRAM, P. 712 • QUESTIONS: • WHY DID THE IDEA FOR BLITZKREIG DEVELOP IN THE 1930’s? • WHY DO YOU THINK THE GERMANS USED BLITZKREIG TACTICS?

  20. BLITZKREIG: BASIC CONCEPTS

  21. German Airdrop, Crete, Greece, 1940

  22. GERMAN PARATROOPERS, 1940

  23. GERMAN “PANZERS” (TANKS), 1941

  24. German Luftwaffe “Stuka” Dive Bombers, 1940

  25. STUKAS IN ACTION

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