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GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1

GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1. In-class and distance learning Geospatial database of hydrologic features Arc Hydro data model Curved earth and a flat map. Flooding from Hurricane Katrina. Flooding in New Orleans. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9130254/. Water mapping

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GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1

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  1. GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1 • In-class and distance learning • Geospatial database of hydrologic features • Arc Hydro data model • Curved earth and a flat map

  2. Flooding from Hurricane Katrina Flooding in New Orleans http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9130254/ • Water mapping • where is the water • what is in the water? • Water movement • where is it going? http://msnbc.msn.com/id/9150429/ Issues for this course

  3. GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1 • In-class and distance learning • Geospatial database of hydrologic features • Arc Hydro data model • Curved earth and a flat map

  4. Lectures Powerpoint slides Video streaming Readings “Arc Hydro: GIS in Water Resources” Homework Computer exercises Hand exercises Term Project Oral presentation HTML report Class Interaction Email Discussion Examinations Midterm, final Six Basic Course Elements

  5. Instructor-Centered Presentation Community-Centered Presentation Learning Styles Instructor Student

  6. Traditional Classroom Community Inside and Outside The Classroom University Without Walls

  7. Distance Learning Dr David Tarboton –students at Utah State University Other People Other People Dr David Maidment –students at UT Austin Dr Tarboton will present lectures on on spatial and terrain analysis with grids

  8. GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1 • In-class and distance learning • Geospatial database of hydrologic features • Arc Hydro data model • Curved earth and a flat map

  9. Geographic Data Model • Conceptual Model – a set of concepts that describe a subject and allow reasoning about it • Mathematical Model – a conceptual model expressed in symbols and equations • Data Model – a conceptual model expressed in a data structure (e.g. ascii files, Excel tables, …..) • Geographic Data Model – a conceptual model for describing and reasoning about the world expressed in a GIS database

  10. Data Model based on Inventory of data layers

  11. Spatial Data: Vector format Vector data are defined spatially: (x1,y1) Point - a pair of x and y coordinates vertex Line - a sequence of points Node Polygon - a closed set of lines

  12. Themes or Data Layers Vector data: point, line or polygon features

  13. Kissimmee watershed, Florida Themes

  14. Attributes of a Selected Feature

  15. Raster and Vector Data Raster data are described by a cell grid, one value per cell Vector Raster Point Line Zone of cells Polygon

  16. Santa Barbara, California http://srtm.usgs.gov/srtmimagegallery/index.html

  17. How do we combine these data? Digital Elevation Models Streams Watersheds Waterbodies

  18. An integrated raster-vector database

  19. Flooding from Hurricane Katrina Flooding in New Orleans http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9130254/ • Water mapping • where is the water • what is in the water? • Water movement • where is it going? http://msnbc.msn.com/id/9150429/

  20. GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1 • In-class and distance learning • Geospatial database of hydrologic features • Arc Hydro data model • Curved earth and a flat map

  21. Bringing together these two communities by using a common geospatial data model CRWR GIS CRWR GIS in Water Resources Consortium Water Resources

  22. Data Model Based on Behavior “Follow a drop of water from where it falls on the land, to the stream, and all the way to the ocean.” R.M. Hirsch, USGS

  23. Integrating Data Inventory using a Behavioral Model Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement

  24. Arc Hydro: GIS for Water Resources Published by ESRI Press The Arc Hydro data model and application tools are in the public domain

  25. Arc Hydro —Hydrography

  26. Arc Hydro —Hydrology

  27. Drainage System Hydro Network Flow Time Time Series Hydrography Channel System Arc Hydro Components

  28. Hydrologic Information System Analysis, Modeling, Decision Making Arc Hydro Geodatabase

  29. Nexrad Radar Rainfall Map

  30. FLOODPLAIN MAP Nexrad Map to Flood Map in Model Builder Flood map as output Model for flood flow HMS Model for flood depth Nexrad map as input

  31. GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1 • In-class and distance learning • Geospatial database of hydrologic features • Arc Hydro data model • Curved earth and a flat map

  32. Origin of Geographic Coordinates Equator (0,0) Prime Meridian

  33. Latitude and Longitude Longitude line (Meridian) N W E S Range: 180ºW - 0º - 180ºE Latitude line (Parallel) N W E S (0ºN, 0ºE) Equator, Prime Meridian Range: 90ºS - 0º - 90ºN

  34. Latitude and Longitude in North America Austin: (30°N, 98°W) Logan: (42°N, 112°W) 60 N 30 N 60 W 120 W 90 W 0 N

  35. Map Projection Flat Map Cartesian coordinates: x,y (Easting & Northing) Curved Earth Geographic coordinates: f, l (Latitude & Longitude)

  36. Representative Fraction Globe distanceEarth distance = Earth to Globe to Map Map Projection: Map Scale: Scale Factor Map distanceGlobe distance = (e.g. 0.9996) (e.g. 1:24,000)

  37. Coordinate Systems A planar coordinate system is defined by a pair of orthogonal (x,y) axes drawn through an origin Y X Origin (xo,yo) (fo,lo)

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