An English Settlement Jamestown

1. An English SettlementJamestown

2. Quebec • 1608: First permanent French settlement in North America. • Founded by Samuel de Champlain • Characteristics of French Colonies: • Fur Traders • Catholic Priests • Friendlier to Native Americans

3. QUEBEC

4. An English Settlement at Jamestown • 1607: John Smith: • Member of a Joint-Stock Company: group of investors • Leader that made settlement successful. • Jamestown • First permanent English Colony in the Americas. • Looking for gold. • Noble men and adventurers.

5. JOHN SMITH & JAMESTOWN

6. POWHATAN • Original inhabitants of area • Offered colonists food during the “Starving Time” • Colonists and Natives were friendly at first. • Natives offered land for settlers to farm • Taught them how to farm.

7. Chief Powhatan

8. JAMESTOWN A SUCCESS • TOBACCO: John Rolfe discovered the crop • BEGAN GROWING FOR EXPORT • TO SELL IN EUROPE. • MORE LABOR & LAND IS NEEDED TO GROW TOBACCO • Powhatan were forced of their land. • REVOLT • Killed 340 settlers • HOW DO YOU GET MORE WORKERS?

9. Headright System • System created as a result of success of tobacco crop. • Need for labor • System provided 50 acres of land to those who would settle in the colony. • RESULT of SYSTEM: • Colony’s population grew.

10. INDENTURED SERVANTS • Workers who exchanged their labor fro help getting started in America. • 7 years of service • Families would come over

11. Bacon’s Rebellion • Background: • Indentured servants service time ran up they would become small landowners. • This caused strains on VA’s social order. • Less land became available in the colony. • Settlers pushed west which caused conflict with Native Americans.

12. Bacon’s Rebellion • Cause: • Settlers weren’t given protection by the governor of Jamestown. • Leader of the settlers: Nathaniel Bacon • Led armed conflict with Native Americans • Gov. of Jamestown condemned Bacon’s actions. • Bacon led his forces to Jamestown and burned the town down. • Gov. fled the colony-----Bacon was killed

13. Bacon’s Rebellion • Result: • Government must serve all citizens. • Ordinary citizens have a voice. • VA began to rely on slavery for labor shortage.

14. Slavery • System in which people are “owned” like property. • Slaves from Africa arrived for the first time in 1619. • Used to harvest tobacco • Early slaves were freed after years of service • Over time were never allowed their freedom. • Economic concerns and racism on the part of European settlers help create------

15. Plantation System • Throughout the Southern Colonies. • Huge farms owned by wealthy landowners who raised cash crops. • Massive amounts of labor needed to run these farms. • System helped firmly root slavery throughout the colonies by the late 1600s.

16. Government of Virginia

17. Salutary Neglect • English monarch allowed the colonies to govern themselves: • Distance made it difficult for the King to keep control. • How did this influence the colonies? • Colonies had representative governments. • Rights of citizens

18. House of Burgesses (Virginia) • 1619 • First elected legislative body in the colonies. • Male property owners could vote • Wealthy, upper class • This body helped to establish representative government through o the colonies.

19. Colonial Regions

20. Colony Types • Royal Colony: • colony governed directly by the king through an appointed governor. • Proprietary Colony: • Colonies granted to a groups of private owners for development • Charter Colony: • Colonies which the crown granted a charter for the purpose of establishing a government.

21. Southern Maryland Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina Georgia.

22. Southern Colonial Society • Divided into three groups: • Rich Plantation Owners • Poor Farmers • Slaves • Wealthy, upper class is superior to the lower, poorer class. • Male members of class should hold all power & authority.

23. Education • Public Education did not exist in the Southern Colonies. • Wealthy owners had their children tutored or sent to Europe. • Poorer colonists were educated at home.

24. Southern Colonial Economy • STAPLE CROP: crop that is in large demand and provide the bulk of the region’s income. • CASH CROP: one that is grown primarily for sale. • TOBACCO , RICE & INDIGIO

25. Southern Colonial Economy • Atlantic Slave Trade: SLAVERY • Triangular Trade: • Three-way trading process • Rum from New England to Africa • Slaves from Africa to the West Indies • Slave, Sugar from West Indies to New England

26. TRIANGULAR TRADE

27. Middle Passage • Voyage that brought slaves from Africa to the West Indies. • Cruelty • Sickness • Death • Suicide

28. Results of Plantation System • No need for mass transportation system . • Large plantations were built near river systems. • Having DIRECT access to these major shipping lanes….the South DID NOT develop major centers of commerce.

29. Results of Plantation System • African Slaves: • Families were torn apart • Rights were denied • Some owners were brutal • Cultures mix: • Song, Dance, Story telling, painting all thrived within the Slave Communities.

30. New England • Massachusetts • New Hampshire • Rhode Island • Connecticut

31. Pilgrims & Plymouth Colony • Separatist: group that broke from the Church of England • 1620: established the Plymouth Colony • Puritan group • Family groups came to North America to escape religious persecution. • Celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621.

32. PILGRIMS

33. Puritans Create “New England” • Puritans: • Family Groups who were church members who wanted to purify the Church of England. • Build a community based on biblical teachings. • Religious Dissent: • Disagreement with religious authority

34. Puritans

35. Massachusetts Bay Colony • Founded after Plymouth Colony • First Governor was John Winthrop • Capital city was BOSTON • Right to vote for all male church members. • Voted for council and governor

36. New England Colonies Government • Mayflower Compact: • Created a civil government in Plymouth. • Power of government was from the people. • Town Meetings: • local, tax paying people got together to discuss and vote on issues.

37. New England Colonial Economy • Relied heavily on the Atlantic Ocean. • Shipbuilding • Trade • Fishing

38. Mercantilism • Main reason why England establishes the colonies in N. America. • Theory that countries grew wealthier and maintained their national security by exporting MORE than they import. • “Favorable balance of trade”

39. New England Colonies Education • Puritans promoted public education • Everyone should be able to read the Bible. • Generally, only boys attended school. Girls were schooled at home. • Established Harvard and Yale.

40. Religion & Dissent in New England

41. Rhode Island • Founded by Roger Williams • Had no rightful claim to native land. • People should be able to practice their religion freely. • WHY was Rhode Island founded? • Williams was going to be arrested & he fled. • Made a deal with Native for land and set up city of PROVIDENCE

42. Roger Williams

43. ANNE HUTCHINSON • Began teaching Bible studies at her home. • Women were not supposed to teach. • She taught: people don’t need the church or ministers to interpret the Bible. • ANNE was BANISHED!! • She fled to Rhode Island

44. ANNE HUTCHINSON

45. THOMAS HOOKER • Disagreed with Church • Left Massachusetts • FOUNDED CONNETICUT • Government's power cane only from people • Set limits on power of government.

46. Thomas Hooker

47. Troubles in New England

48. Massachusetts Lost its Charter • 1684 • Constant political and religious unrest in the colony led the Crown to take over leadership. • Royal Colony in 1691. • The Crown established a NEW legislature: • Abolished requirement that every member be a member of the church.

49. King Philip’s War: 1675 • Metacom: (KING PHILIP) • Chief of the Wampanoag people. • His people had to obey Puritan laws. • Organized tribes to wipe out colonists in New England. • He was shot in the heart in Rhode Island • Ended the conflict.

50. Native American & Colonial Expansion • Disputes over land • False treaties