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Mobilization of Americans: World War II Efforts

Learn about the mobilization of Americans during World War II, including the Selective Training and Service Act, the Four Freedoms speech, and the role of G.I.s. Explore the ethnic and racial diversity in military service, women's contributions, and the impacts of wartime production on the economy. Discover the sacrifices made by soldiers and the home front's efforts to support the war.

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Mobilization of Americans: World War II Efforts

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  1. World War II Americans at War: 1941-1945

  2. Mobilization of People • Selective Training and Service Act (1940) • Reasons for war - The Four Freedoms speech • “G.I.s” - Government Issue = Soldiers, sailors, airmen nickname for themselves • Ethnic/racial diversity in Military Service, Women in Military Service

  3. The DRAFT • All males 21-36 to register for military service • $2 billion to $10 billion in military spending • First peace time Military DRAFT in US

  4. From Want The Four Freedoms - Norman Rockwell From Fear Speech Worship

  5. The Four Freedoms • Speech given by FDR, Jan 6, 1941 • Outlined fundamental reasons and ideals to define what we would fight for.

  6. The Soldiers • 16,000,000 served • Fought for a “cherished way of life” • Fought to preserve freedom • 300,000+ died • Called “The Greatest Generation” • Book by Tom Brokaw (NBC News)

  7. A B-17 Crew “Somewhere in England” (p. 748)

  8. Preparation of the Economy • War Production • Work Force • Financing - Paying for the War

  9. PREPARING FOR WORLD WAR 2

  10. War Production • The U.S. became the ‘Arsenal of Democracy’ • Ended the Great Depression • War Production Board (1942) • Converted peacetime industries to wartime • Set priorities and allocated raw materials • Office of War Mobilization • Centralized resources

  11. Map 25.5: The Home Front

  12. WORLD WAR 2 INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION

  13. U.S. Wartime Production: 1 1941 1942 1943 1944 1941 1942 1943 1944

  14. U.S. Wartime Production: 2

  15. U.S. Wartime Production: 3 1941 1942 1943 1944 1941 1942 1943 1944

  16. The Work Force • Women joined workforce • Blacks migrated to big cities and west coast for jobs • Union membership increased

  17. World War 2 Posters

  18. WORLD WAR 2 SHIPBUILDING

  19. WORLD WAR 2 SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES

  20. Financing The War • Government borrowed: War Bonds • GNP doubled • Deficit spending soared

  21. War Bonds

  22. WORLD WAR 2 WAR BONDS

  23. Daily life in America during the War • Most people had a relative or friend in the military • War new followed closely on radio and in newspapers • Shortages, Controls, Rationing to help in the war effort • Popular Culture -flourished and also supported the war effort

  24. Shortages - Recycling • Metal, rubber, nylon used to manufacture military goods. • Scrap metal and tires collected and recycled

  25. Food Shortages • Office of Price Administration (OPA) • Government agency during World War II) • Controlled inflation • Rationing of scarce items: sugar, coffee, meat, butter, shoes, gasoline, etc.

  26. Rationing Books during WW II

  27. Food Rationing info - WW II

  28. WORLD WAR 2 RATIONING, ETC.

  29. Public Support: Victory Gardens • Enlisted public support • Families encouraged to grow their own food • Families encouraged to can their own food.

  30. Victory Gardens

  31. Victory Gardens

  32. Other War-time slogans and efforts • “Conserve and Collect” • “Play your Part” • Night time “blackouts” Public support approached 95-100% of the population during the War years.

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