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The Crusades

The Crusades . By Arthur McCray Josh Zhu Julia Pascualy. Western Christian Expansion. Around year 1000 the western Christian world is beginning to grow, and the Byzantine (Eastern) part is beginning to shrink.

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The Crusades

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  1. The Crusades By Arthur McCray Josh Zhu Julia Pascualy

  2. Western Christian Expansion • Around year 1000 the western Christian world is beginning to grow, and the Byzantine (Eastern) part is beginning to shrink. • The European population is growing and settlers are moving into new territory on the eastern fringes of Europe • Western economies grew, merchants, travelers, diplomats, missionaries came into more direct contact with Eurasian networks • By 13th and 14th centuries, Europeans had made contact with china, India, and Mongolia.

  3. The Crusades--Holy Wars • The crusades captured the imagination of the western Christendom for over four centuries, starting in 1095 • Crusades were wars undertaken at gods command and finalized by the pop as the Vicar of Christ on earth. http://www.digitaldave.us/crusadesweb/images/crusades1.jpg

  4. Crusade Recruitment • They required participants to swear on a vow and in return were offered an indulgence • The indulgence was removing the penalties for any confessed sins, as well as material benefits like immunity from lawsuits and moratorium on the repayment of debts • These wars were religious wars, people thought of them as, “as providing security against mortal enemies threatening the spiritual health of all Christendom and all Christians.”

  5. Locations • Most famous crusades were aimed at wrestling Jerusalem and the holy places associated with the life of Jesus from Islamic control and returning them to Christendom • Seizure of Jerusalem in 1099 accompanied by the slaughter of many Muslims and Jews as the crusaders made their way • Crusading not limited to targets in the Islamic middle east • Waged war for Iberian peninsula from Muslim hands

  6. Map of Crusades

  7. Effects • Crusades had not that much lasting impact, politically or religiously in the middle east • European power wasn’t exactly strong or long lasting

  8. Other Effects • Muslims forgot about the crusades until about late nineteenth, early twentieth centuries when their memories were revived in the growing struggle against European imperialism • The crusades hardened cultural barriers between people • Images of the crusades that were distorted proved politically/ideologically useful.

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