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Understanding Cells: The Building Blocks of Life

This chapter explores the fundamental unit of life: the cell. It emphasizes that all living organisms are composed of one or more cells, introduces the distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and outlines the Cell Theory. Historical figures like Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek are highlighted for their contributions to cell biology. The chapter also discusses organelles, the organization of cells into tissues, organs, and systems, and the role of viruses. Through this overview, the complexity and significance of cells in life processes are clearly illustrated.

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Understanding Cells: The Building Blocks of Life

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  1. Chapter 7 Cells

  2. skin cells (flat shape) red blood cells (disk)

  3. Cell Intro • Cell-smallest unit that can carry on all the processes of life • All living things have cells • Organelle-cell structures that performs specific functions for the cell • “little organs” *celltissueorgansystem

  4. CELL SCIENTISTS 1. Robert Hooke • British, mid-1600’s • Compound light microscope • Saw cells in cork & called them “cells”

  5. 2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Dutch, mid-1600’s, • simple light microscope, • saw life in pond water

  6. 3. The Cell Theory a. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. b. Cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms. c. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

  7. All cells have 2 things Cell Membrane DNA

  8. 4. Two basic cell types (figure 7.4) a. Prokaryotes 1. organelles float around cell; unorganized * No nucleus 2. ex. bacteria

  9. Prokaryotic Cells Anthrax Types of Shapes

  10. b. Eukaryotes 1. have membranes around organelles; organized * Have a nucleus and genetic material is separate from rest of cell 2. ex. plants, animals, fungi 3. Usually larger than prok.

  11. Eukaryotic Cells Muscle Cells Nucleus Kidney Cell

  12. Viruses • Reproduce in other living things • DNA or RNA surrounded by protein coat Foot & Mouth Disease Virus

  13. Comparison Chart - Assignment: Page 173# 1,2,4,5

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