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Wall Framing

Wall Framing. Key Terms, and Concepts Mr. Paules. Key Terms in Wall Framing. Sole Plates – Lowest horizontal strip on wall and partition framing. Walls are laid out on two plates Top and bottom match Studs – Vertical structural framing members in wall and partitions. Terms Cont.

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Wall Framing

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  1. Wall Framing Key Terms, and Concepts Mr. Paules

  2. Key Terms in Wall Framing • Sole Plates – Lowest horizontal strip on wall and partition framing. • Walls are laid out on two plates • Top and bottom match • Studs – Vertical structural framing members in wall and partitions.

  3. Terms Cont. • Jack or Trimmer Stud – A stud that supports the header for a wall opening. • Header – Horizontal structural member that supports the load over an opening (window or door) • Rough Sill – Window sits on this horizontal framing member. Is supported by cripple studs • Cripple – A stud used above or below a wall opening. • Extends from header to top plate or from sole plate to rough sill. • King Stud – Is always next to the jack stud and creates extra support for an opening.

  4. Terms Cont. • Double Top Plate – Horizontal member that locks intersecting walls together. • Is nailed onto top sole plate after all walls have been set in place. • Plumb – Perfectly straight vertically. • Walls need to be plumb for materials, and stability.

  5. Rough Opening • Opening in a wall in which a window or door is to be installed. • Rough opening is determined by window sizes and door sizes. • Rough opening is always 2” bigger around the opening. • Headers are put into openings that are load baring walls. • Header length is equal to rough opening size, plus thickness of two trimmer studs.

  6. 16” O.C • 16” O. C concept is not based upon load to be carried. • It is designed to accommodate wall covering materials (drywall, paneling, sheathing). • Layout wall from left to right, making first mark at 15 ¼”. Then mark 16” O.C from thereafter.

  7. Other Things to Know • The size nails used for framing are 12p, common, which are 3 ¼” long • Also 16p common nails, which are 3 ½” long. • Exact size – actual size of a framing member. • Examples – Actual size of a 2”x4” is 1 ½” x 3 ½”. Actual size of a 2” x 6” is 1 ½” x 5 ½” • Nominal size – Size used to order lumber. Example – “I’d like to order 50 - 2” x 4’s.” • Load Bearing Wall – A wall which carries weight from above. These wall require a framed header. • Example – Exterior walls.

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