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Designing ALU Operations for MIPS Datapath

Learn how to tailor the ALU to support arithmetic instructions like set-on-less-than (slt) in the MIPS datapath. Implement operations for subtraction, equality tests, and more to enhance your understanding of ALU design.

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Designing ALU Operations for MIPS Datapath

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  1. Our ultimate goal: building the datapath

  2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) • ALU operation: • 000 = and001 = or010 = add110 = subtract111 = slt

  3. What about subtraction (a – b) ? • Two's complement approach: just negate b and add. • How do we negate? • The solution:

  4. Tailoring the ALU to the MIPS datapath • Need to support the set-on-less-than instruction slt rd, rs, rt • slt is an arithmetic instruction • produces a 1 if rs < rt and 0 otherwise • use subtraction: (a-b) < 0 implies a < b • Need to support test for equality (beq $t5, $t6, label) • use subtraction: (a-b) = 0 implies a = b

  5. Supporting slt

  6. Test for equality and complete ALU • ALU operation: • 000 = and001 = or010 = add110 = subtract111 = slt Control linesBnegate Operation Insturction0 00 and0 01 or0 10 add1 10 sub1 11 slt • Note: zero is a 1 when the result is zero!

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