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Chapter 7

Chapter 7. Sexuality I. Objectives. Identify structures of the female & male sexual anatomy Explain the female and male reproductive cycle Understand how STI’s are transmitted, who’s at risk, and ways to decrease the risk of contraction List the 3 different types of STI’s

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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 Sexuality I

  2. Objectives • Identify structures of the female & male sexual anatomy • Explain the female and male reproductive cycle • Understand how STI’s are transmitted, who’s at risk, and ways to decrease the risk of contraction • List the 3 different types of STI’s • Understand how STI’s can be asymptomatic, yet still have chronic effects • Differentiate between the various STI’s • Identify treatments for the various STI’s • Understand the complications of STI’s

  3. Female Anatomy

  4. Male Anatomy

  5. Sexually Transmitted Infections WHO’S AT RISK??? ANYONE WHO IS SEXUALLY ACTIVE CHECK YOUR RISK PROFILE AT UNSPEAKABLE.COM WHAT IS CONSIDERED SEXUAL ACTIVITY??? ONLY VAGINAL INTERCOURSE?

  6. Sexually Transmitted Infections HOW ARE THEY TRANSMITTED? • vaginal, oral, or anal intercourse • by simply touching an infected area THREE MAIN TYPES • Bacterial • Viral • Parasitic

  7. Asymptomatic STI’s Bacterial STI’s • As many as 20% of infected males and 80% of infected females are without symptoms Viral STI’s have even higher percentages

  8. Bacterial STI’s • Chlamydia • Gonorrhea • Syphilis

  9. Chlamydia • Most common bacterial STI in the U.S. • Many cases are asymptomatic • If symptoms are present, they will occur 1-3 weeks after infection • Complications • Blindness • Sterility • Ectopic pregnancy • Treatment: Tetracycline, Doxyceline, or Erythromycin

  10. Male Symptoms thin whitish discharge itching & burning during urination pain/swelling of testes low grade fever Female Symptoms moderate vaginal discharge itching & burning urination abdominal pain bleeding b/w periods nausea, headaches, low grade fever Symptoms of Chlamydia

  11. Chlamydia

  12. Gonorrhea • Many cases are asymptomatic • If symptoms are present, they will occur 3-5 days after infection • Complications: sterility • Treatment: Penicillin, Spectinomycin, Cefixime Tetracycline, or Ceftriaxone

  13. Male Symptoms foul smelling discharge from penis painful urination blood or puss in urine enlarged lymph nodes in groin area Female Symptoms similar discharge from vagina painful urination pelvic pain painful menstruation Symptoms of Gonorrhea

  14. Syphilis THREE STAGES: 1. Painless sore 10-90 days after infection 2. Flu like symptoms 3wks -3 months after primary stage. 3. Skin lesions, mental deterioration, blindness, & heart disease. 3-10 yrs after primary and secondary stages. Treatment: Antibiotics, usually penicillin Complications: Can be fatal

  15. Viral STI’s • Genital Herpes • HIV/AIDS • Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV) • Hepatitis B

  16. Genital Herpes • Approximately 40 million people infected • Simplex I and Simplex II • Many individuals are asymptomatic • If symptoms are present, they will occur 2-20 days after infection

  17. Genital Herpes cont… • Initial symptoms • tingling or burning sensation in the genitals • low back pain • pain when urinating • Flu-like symptoms • Red bumps develop into painful blisters • Treatment of symptoms:Acyclovir, Famcyclovir, Valacyclovir

  18. Genital Herpes

  19. HIV & AIDS • Transmitted one of four ways: • Vaginal, anal, oral intercourse • Sharing a needle • Blood products containing HIV • Mother to child • Bodily fluids containing virus: • blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk • Primary Population at Risk: • young adults in their teens & 20’s

  20. AIDS Cases by Age

  21. HIV/AIDS cont… • May be asymptomatic for years • HIV may not progress to AIDS for over 10 years • No known cure at this time • Symptoms:Fatigue, dry cough, fever, night sweats, diarrhea, skin rashes, swollen lymph nodes, vaginal yeast infections, and/or unexplained weight loss • Treatment: mixture of different drugs to boost the immune system

  22. Human Papilloma Viruses • Most common viral STI in the U.S. • 3 million new cases a year • Majority of Cases are ASYMPTOMATIC • > 70 strains of HPV • Means of Contraction: skin to skin contact, oral, anal, & vaginal intercourse

  23. Human Papilloma Viruses

  24. Human Papilloma Viruses

  25. HPV cont… • Male symptoms: • Genital warts on foreskin or shaft of penis • Female symptoms: • Genital warts on vaginal opening, cervix, or inner walls of vaginal • No known cure at this time • Treatment of symptoms: Topical application or surgery to reduce size and spreading

  26. Hepatitis B • Transmitted through blood, semen, and vaginal secretions • Spread mainly through sexual contact • 90% eliminate the virus through immunoglobulins • Of the chronic carriers, 15-20% will die from cirrhosis or liver cancer • Vaccination is available • 50% of adults infected are asymptomatic

  27. Symptoms of Hepatitis B • Prodrome phase: diminished appetite, weight loss, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, cough, low grade fever, right-sided upper abdominal pain • Icteric phase:urine darkens, stools becomes a clay color, liver becomes enlarged and tender, itching, yellow cast to the skin or eyes • Recovery phase: may develop a chronic disease • Treatment for chronic disease: Interferon

  28. Parasitic STI’s • Pubic Lice • Scabies

  29. Pubic Lice & Scabies(“crabs”) (“itch mites”) • Tiny insects that live on the skin • Pubic Lice infect hairy parts of skin • Some may have no symptoms, while others have severe itching • Scabies result in an itchy rash on the skin • Itching may get worse at night • Rash on folds of skin between fingers, wrists, elbows, abdomen, & genitals

  30. Pubic Lice cont… Treatment: • Shampoos and creams with lindane • Clean all clothes, linens, & towels in HOT water • Avoid close contact with others…….. • You must tell anyone whom you have had close contact or shared your bed linens, clothes, or towels

  31. How do we prevent STI’s? • ABSTINENCE • BE MATURE & RESPONSIBLE: Mutually monogamous relationships with an uninfected individual - testing • Limit number of partners & always use condoms • Realize Condoms aren’t 100% effective in protecting you!! • If infected, avoid sexual contact & visit your physician, local STI clinic or hospital for diagnosis / treatment

  32. Testing is Everyone’s Responsibility • Symptoms of STI’s can develop slowly or be asymptomatic • Regular & accurate evaluations are necessary • Only way to have adequate knowledge of your history is to be tested • You’ll never know unless you’re tested! • Communicate with your partner

  33. Methods of Testing STI’s 3 Categories • Inspection • Symptomatic genital warts, herpes, and pubic lice • Blood or Urine tests • Blood tests: Hepatitis B, Syphilis, & HIV • Urine tests: Chlamydia & Gonorrhea • Smears form vagina or urethra/Fluid collection • Fluid collection: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, & Herpes

  34. Complications of STI’s • Infertility • Complications during pregnancy • Infections can be passed onto the newborn • Some can be fatal • AIDS, Hepatitis B, Syphilis

  35. Summary • STI’s are transmitted by skin to skin contact, touching an infected area, vaginal, oral, and anal intercourse • 3 main types of STI’s: bacterial, viral, & parasitic • Many STI’s are ASYMPTOMATIC • Bacterial STI’s can be treated with antibiotics • Viral STI’s are life long infections • Parasitic STI’s can be treated with shampoos and creams • STI prevention includes: abstinence, mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected individual, limit number of partners, use condoms, STI testing, communicating with your partner

  36. Local Contacts and Websites: • Texas A&M University • Health Center 847-9242 • Women’s Clinic 845-1576 • Health Services 845-6111 • AIDS Services of Brazos Valley • 260-2437 • Texas Dept of Health: • http://www.tdh.texas.gov/hivstd • Hope Pregnancy Center of Brazos County - 846-1097 • Good Samaritan Pregnancy Services - 846-2909 • Planned Parenthood - 846-1744 • Project Rachel - 888-456-4673

  37. Contacts and Websites cont… • Center for Disease Control • www.cdc.gov • CDC National STI Hotline • 1-800-227-8922 • www.sunsite.unc.edu/ASHA • www.unspeakable.com • Risk Profile • STD Quiz • http://www.acha.org/info_resources/stis_on_campus.cfm • Other STI slides

  38. Contacts and Websites cont… • Emergency Contraception Hotline • 1-800-584-9911 • National Council on Adoption • 1-800-772-9100 • www.ncfa-usa.org • National Abortion Federation • 1-800-772-9100 • www.cais.com/naf

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