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THE CRUSADES

THE CRUSADES. RENAISSANCE. PROTESTANT REFORMATION. COLUBIAN EXCHANGE. CONQUISTADORS (Conquerors). St. Augustine, Florida. JAMESTOWN, VIRGINA. VIRGINIA HOUSE OF BURGESSES. FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. BOSTON MASSECRE. BOSTON TEA PARTY. MAGNA CARTA - 1215.

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THE CRUSADES

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  1. THE CRUSADES

  2. RENAISSANCE

  3. PROTESTANTREFORMATION

  4. COLUBIAN EXCHANGE

  5. CONQUISTADORS(Conquerors)

  6. St. Augustine, Florida

  7. JAMESTOWN, VIRGINA

  8. VIRGINIA HOUSE OF BURGESSES

  9. FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

  10. BOSTON MASSECRE

  11. BOSTON TEA PARTY

  12. MAGNA CARTA - 1215

  13. SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY – John Locke –

  14. Enlightenment Challenged authority Church Kings Gave power to human reason, science, philosophy John Locke Rousseau Montesquieu Great Awakening Stressed Dependence on God Gained wide appeal among Farmers, workers, and enslaved people Colonial Americans Response to Enlightenment Enlightened and Awakened

  15. Great Awakening • Pietism – Individuals devoutness to God • Revivals – Large public meetings for prayer • Jonathan Edwards – Preacher

  16. MONTESQUIEU

  17. FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

  18. SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS • DREW UP DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE • Adopted Continental Army • Appointed George Washington Commander in Chief; General • Sent Olive Branch Petition to England

  19. This was sent to England to Declare Colonial Independence.

  20. CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION1787

  21. GREAT COMPROMISE

  22. 3/5 COMPROMISE

  23. Preamble • We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

  24. SEPERATION OF POWERS • Three Branches of Government - • JUDICIAL • LEGISLATIVE • EXECUTIVE • Who was the philosopher who first thought of this idea? • Montesquieu

  25. Strict Construction – word for word interpretation of the constitution & Elastic Clause

  26. Loose Construction – Broad interpretation of the Constitution(Elastic Clause)

  27. 13th Amendment • ABOLISHED SLAVERY

  28. 14TH Amendment • Guarantees Protection of laws for All Citizens

  29. 15th Amendment • Gave African Americans Males the right to vote

  30. 19th Amendment • Gave Women the right to vote

  31. Federalist Papers

  32. Bill of Rights – First 10 Amendments to the Constitution • Amendment I • Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. • Amendment II • A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, • the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.  • Amendment III • No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. • Amendment IV • The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, • supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. • Amendment V • No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against • himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

  33. Amendment VI • In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been • previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence. • Amendment VII • In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. • Amendment VIII • Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. • Amendment IX • The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. • Amendment X • The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. • This is a transcription of the first 10 amendments to the Constitution of The United States of America. Called the "Bill of Rights," these amendments were ratified on December 15, 1791.

  34. Alexander Hamilton’s Plan • Believed the Govt. needed the ability to borrow money • 1790 – he asked Congress to accept the debts of the Continental Congress at their full value.

  35. This government is acknowledged by all, to be one of enumerated powers. The principle, that it can exercise only the powers granted to it, would seem too apparent, to have required to be enforced by all those arguments, which its enlightened friends, while it was depending before the people, found it necessary to urge; that principle is now universally admitted. • John Marshall

  36. Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) • Shut down Boston’s port until the city paid for the tea that had been destroyed • Required all council members, judges, and sheriffs in Mass. To be appointed by the governor instead of being elected * This act also banned most town meetings 3. Allowed the governor to transfer trials of British soldiers and officials to England to protect them from American juries 4. Required local officials to provide lodging for British soldiers at the scene of a disturbance, in private homes if necessary

  37. Patrick Henry • Burgess during 2nd Continental Congress that declared –

  38. Commander of Continental Army

  39. Sons of Liberty

  40. “The Redcoats are Coming!”

  41. Battle of Saratoga • Turning Point in the Revolutionary War • On October 1777 the Americans beat a large British force at Saratoga, New York. • The French decided to help the Americans by supplying money, arms, and officers after they thought the Americans now had a chance to winning the war. • This way France could beat an old enemy.

  42. Valley Forge

  43. Yorktown • Last Major Battle in Revolutionary War

  44. Treaty of Paris -1783 • formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America that had rebelled against British rule in 1776.

  45. Embargo Act • Jefferson passed this law disallowing trade with other nations (including Britain) and led to the War of 1812

  46. Impressments • seizure by the Royal Navy of over 10,000 American sailors, as the Royal Navy desperately needed more men.

  47. The “Old Northwest”

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