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Welcome

Welcome . CCA, Chennai 10 th October 2007. Radio Frequency spectrum. Radio frequency spectrum and satellite orbits are limited natural resources. Radio frequencies are arbitrarily confined between 3 kHz and 3000 GHz. Do not respect or obey international geographical boundaries.

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Welcome

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  1. Welcome CCA, Chennai 10th October 2007

  2. Radio Frequency spectrum • Radio frequency spectrum and satellite orbits are limited natural resources. • Radio frequencies are arbitrarily confined between 3 kHz and 3000 GHz. • Do not respect or obey international geographical boundaries. • Susceptible to harmful interference and requires application of complex engineering tools to ensure interference-free operation of various wireless networks.

  3. Radio Frequency Spectrum • Radio Frequency Spectrum is a limited natural resource. • It can only be shared amongst various countries, services, users, technologies, etc. • Assignment of frequencies is governed by international Radio regulations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the National Frequency Allocation Plan.

  4. Radio Frequency Spectrumcontinued • The limitation of radio frequency spectrum, a natural resource, is mainly due to: • Propagation characteristics of radio waves; • Availability of technology and equipment for different applications; • Suitability of frequency bands for specific applications. • Demands on spectrum have always been more than its availability.

  5. Establishment of WPC Wing Governments of India constituted the Wireless Planning and Coordination Branch (subsequently re-designated as Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing) in the year 1952 vide Ministry of Communications (re-designated as Ministry of Communications & I.T.) order No.1-E (5)/52 dated the 8th October, 1952 to deal with all matters related to radiocommunication services in India. The functions of this Branch, (subsequently changed to Wing), were also identified:

  6. WPC Wing • Wireless Planning & Coordination (WPC), Wing of the Department of Telecommunication, Ministry of Communications & Information Technology functions as an impartial, non-user, non-service provider, national spectrum management and radio regulatory nodal agency without any direct or indirect linkage with any wireless user organisation.   • The Wing is responsible for radio frequency spectrum management and all other related activities in the country.

  7. Statutory provisions for grant of wireless licence • The Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 (ITA, 1885) and rules made there under - for grant of licence for establishment, maintenance or working of wireless apparatus, equipment and appliances. • The Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933 (IWTA 1933) and rules made there under, - for grant of licence for possession of wireless apparatus, equipment and appliances. • Wireless Planning and Coordination (WPC) Wing of Ministry of Communications & IT exercises powers of the Central Government for grant of such licences under Section 4 of the ITA, 1885 and Section 5 of IWTA 1933.

  8. Accepted policy and guiding principles • New Telecom Policy 1999 (NTP-99) - Spectrum be utilized efficiently, rationally economically and optimally; - Need for a transparent process of allocation of frequency spectrum. • National Frequency Allocation Plan (NFAP) - The NFAP forms the basis for development and manufacturing of wireless equipment and spectrum utilisation in the country; - NFAP-2002 is a public document containing detailed information regarding allocation of frequency bands for various services, without including security information; - Draft NFAP-2005 is placed on WPC Wing website “www.wpc.dot.gov.in”.

  9. Broad Functions of WPC Wing • Formulation of National Frequency Allocation Plans taking into account spectrum requirement of new emerging technologies, existing wireless usages and international regulations; • National nodal agency for all matters related to radiocommunication aspects of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and Asia Pacific Telecommunity (APT);

  10. Broad Functions of WPC WingContd.. • Assignment of frequencies with associated technical parameters for all wireless networks in the country - Government, Public and Private networks; • Site clearance of all wireless installations in the country and related matters concerning the Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency Allocations (SACFA); • Licensing of all Wireless Stations in the country under the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 (ITA 1885) and Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933;

  11. Broad Functions of WPC Wingcontd.. • Awarding Certificate of Proficiency to Radio Officers / Pilots working onboard ships and aircraft, as per international regulations; • Grant of licences to Radio Amateurs after conduct of examinations as per International Regulations; • Direction   and   control of   Wireless   Monitoring Organisation (WMO), a field organisation of the WPC Wing.

  12. Spectrum Allotment Procedure • In the case of licensed Telecom Service Providers: • Initial allotment in accordance with relevant provisions of the service License Agreement; • For serving larger number of subscribers, either larger amount of spectrum or more number of Base Stations are required; • Additional spectrum is required at some stage as techno-economic solution to meet the growth; • Additional spectrum allotted based of justification and fulfillment of prescribed criteria, subject to availability; • Criteria has been evolved to ensure efficient and optimal utilisation of allotted spectrum.

  13. Network Licences - Captive

  14. Network Licences - Commercial

  15. Broadcasting Services Licences

  16. Non-Network Licences

  17. Operator's Certificates & Licences

  18. SACFA • Standing Advisory Committee on radio Frequency Allocations (SACFA) is an interdepartmental committee chaired by the Secretary, Ministry of Communications & IT. • Technical heads of fifteen major wireless user Ministries/ Departments are its members. • Wireless Adviser is one of its members. WPC Wing provides the secretariat for SACFA. • Joint Wireless Adviser is its member Secretary.

  19. Procedure for Siting Clearance • The technical evaluation is carried out primarily for • Aviation Hazard • Obstruction to line of sight of existing/planed networks. • Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI)/ Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) to other existing and proposed networks.

  20. Categories of siting applications • Full siting clearance • Mast Height Clearance - up to 30m from ground • Additional Antenna - on already cleared masts/towers • Mast height exemption - examination by WPC Wing only.

  21. Challenges for Spectrum Management • The radiocommunication technologies are evolving at a much faster rate; • Spectrum requirement of new emerging technologies are to be met without unduly constraining the existing usages; • Historically, spectrum was allotted, mostly to Government agencies, on need based, where higher commercial requirement was not envisaged; • There are  growing, conflicting  and competing demands on the spectrum by all wireless users;

  22. Challenges for Spectrum ManagementContinued • Trend of modern telecommunications is towards mobility with higher data rate, requiring more spectrum; • Frequency bands required for such technologies are already in use in India and need protracted coordination, re-farming and relocations in some cases; • Requirement of spectrum by all sectors has increased manifold for variety of applications;

  23. Frequency Bands for 2G & 3G Technologies GSM 900 890-915 MHz paired with 935-960 MHz GSM 1800 1710-1785 MHz paired with 1805-1880 MHz CDMA 800 824-844 MHz paired with 869-889 MHz Cor-DECT 1880-1900 MHz (TDD - unpaired) IMT 2000 1920–1980 MHz paired with 2110–2170 MHz (3G) 2010 – 2025 MHz (TDD – unpaired)

  24. IMT 2000 Bands • As per National Frequency Allocation Plan (NFAP) 2002, the core IMT 2000 (3G) band1920 – 1980 MHz paired with 2110 – 2170 MHz is earmarked for Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode and 2010 – 2025 MHz for Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode. • Personal Communication System (PCS) bands 1850 – 1910 MHz paired with 1930 -1990 MHz. • For IMT-2000 systems, band 1920 – 1980 MHz is used for uplink {(Handset to Base Transmitting Station (BTS)}.

  25. IMT 2000 Bands (Contd…) • For PCS system, 1930 – 1990 MHz is used for down link (BTS to Handset). • This phenomena is known as ‘duplex reversal’. • Simultaneous use of both IMT-2000 and PCS equipment in the same area results in high RF transmit power of PCS (CDMA based) BTS causing severe co-channel / adjacent channel interference problems to BTS of IMT-2000. • For rapid growth of services in the country, various systems should use a homogenous frequency plan without harmful interference between such systems.

  26. Mobile Transmit Spectrum Allocations in India-NFAP 2002* (MHz) CDMA 844 824 869 889 GSM 960 890 915 935 GSM/CDMA 1710 1785 1805 1880 Cor-DECT(TDD) 1880 1900 1910 IMT 2000(3G) 2110-2170 1920-1980 PCS CDMA 1930-1990 1850-1910 800 960 1710 2200 * Under Revision

  27. GSM Spectrum Charging

  28. CDMA Spectrum Charging

  29. Spectrum Charging for Commercial VSAT networks

  30. Spectrum Charging for MW Access and Backbone of CDMA & GSM networks(Order dated 3.11.2006)

  31. Spectrum Charging for MW Access and Backbone of CDMA networks(before Order dated 3.11.2006) Spectrum Charge = M x W x C Where “M” = 1200 for MW link upto 5 kms = 2400 for MW link above 5 kms and upto 25 kms = 4800 for MW link above 25 kms and upto 60 kms = 9000 for MW link above 60 kms and upto 120 kms Where “W” = 30 for adjacent channel separation of 2 MHz = 60 for adjacent channel separation above 2 MHz and upto 7 MHz = 120 for adjacent channel separation above 7 MHz and upto 28 MHz Where “C” = Number of RF channels used (2 for duplex network)

  32. THANK YOU WPC Wing web-site www.wpc.dot.gov.in

  33. Delicensed Frequency bands • Use of low power equipment in the frequency band 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz (G.S.R. 45 (E) 28th January, 2005) • Indoor use of low power wireless equipment in the frequency band 5.150 to 5.350 GHz and 5.725 to 5.875 GHz (G.S.R 46 (E) 28th January 2005) • Use of low power equipment in the frequency band 865 – 867 MHz for (RFID) Radio Frequency Identification Devices (G.S.R. 168 (E) 11th March, 2005) • Use of low power equipment in the 335 MHz band for remote control of cranes (G.S.R. 532 (E) 12th August, 2005) • Use of low power equipment in the Citizen band 26.957 – 27.283 MHz (G.S.R. 533 (E) 12th August, 2005) • Use of low power equipment in the frequency band 5.825 GHz to 5.875 GHz (G.S.R. 38 (E) 19th January, 2007)

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