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Exploring Matter: Properties and Changes

Dive into the world of matter with this unit focusing on its properties, states, physical and chemical changes, and mixtures. Understand matter's characteristics and transformations through engaging lessons and activities.

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Exploring Matter: Properties and Changes

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  1. Matter and Change Unit 2

  2. Matter • Matter- anything that takes up space & has mass • Properties of Matter (Substance) • Mass: amount of matter an object contains • Physical property: quality of a substance that can be seen or measured without changing the substance’s composition, can be used t o identify a substance. • Color Density • Solubility (ability to dissolve) Melting point • Odor Boiling point • Hardness

  3. Physical Properties of Matter- States of Matter • Solid: • matter that has definite volume & shape • Particles vibrate around a fixed position • Liquid: • matter that flows • has definite volume, not shape • Gas: • matter that has no definite volume or shape, takes the shape & volume of its container • Moves freely and randomly • Plasma: • high temperature state where the electrons are pulled away from the nucleus of the atom, called ionized gas • Moves freely and randomly

  4. States of Matter- What state of matter is represented by each picture?

  5. Physical Changes • A change in matter that does NOT change the composition of the substance • Melting/ Freezing • Boiling/ Condensing • CHANGING STATES OF MATTER IS A PHYSICAL CHANGE!!! • Dissolving • Break/ Cut/ Tear • Grind/ Crush

  6. Chemical Change • A change in which one or more substances is changed into a different substance, something new is formed. • A chemical reaction

  7. Examples • Burn/ explode • Rot/ decompose • Ferment • Digest • Corrode/ rust

  8. Chemical Properties • Ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction and form something new • Flammability/ Immflamability • Reactivity • Oxidation • Acidity/ Basicity

  9. Mixtures: physical blend of 2 or more substances • Heterogeneous mixture: not uniform in composition, can easily distinguish separate components • Homogeneous mixture: uniform in composition, cannot see each separate component

  10. Solutions: Some Terms to Know • Solute: the stuff that gets dissolved • Solvent: the stuff doing the dissolving

  11. Another Name for Homogeneous Mixture → Solutions • Types of Solutions (solute-solvent) • Gas-Gas: air (CO2 in N2) • Liquid-Gas: water vapor in air • Gas-Liquid: CO2 in soda • Liquid-Liquid: vinegar (acetic acid in water) • Solid-Liquid: salt water • Solid-Solid: sterling silver (copper in silver)

  12. Separating a Mixture • 1. Physically removing pieces

  13. Separating a Mixture • Distillation: a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed again to a liquid. Based on a mixture of 2 liquids that have different boiling points.

  14. Separating a Mixture • Chromatography: used to separate a mixture in which the components or pigments are 2 or more different colors.

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