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Memory

Memory. The encoding, storage and retrieval of information. . Parts of Memory. Encoding Storage Retrieval. Stages of Memory. Sensory Short Term Long Term. Sensory Memory. Shortest in duration 2-3 seconds visual, auditory, taste, smell. Short Term Memory-STM.

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Memory

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  1. Memory The encoding, storage and retrieval of information.

  2. Parts of Memory Encoding Storage Retrieval

  3. Stages of Memory Sensory Short Term Long Term

  4. Sensory Memory Shortest in duration 2-3 seconds visual, auditory, taste, smell

  5. Short Term Memory-STM also known as Working Memory duration about 18-20 seconds limited capacity 7 plus or minus 2 units of information

  6. Long Term Memory-LTM Duration-relatively permanent Capacity-unlimited

  7. Sensory Input and Sensory Memory Visual Memory- about 1 second Auditory Memory-longer than visual Attention-unusual, sudden, dramatic Recognition-experienced before, relevant

  8. STM Input Iconic-pictures, images Acoustic-sounds Semantic-meaning *if I say the word ELEPHANT do you see the word or an image of an elephant?

  9. Rehearsal and Elaboration Can convert STM to LTM Rehearsal-repeating to remember Elaboration-adding meaning or connecting to something else

  10. Retrival continued Chunking: Breaking up a large piece of information in to smaller bits to make it easier to remember: Phone numbers Social Security Number

  11. Mnemonic Techniques Methods by which a person can train themselves to remember large amounts of information. Most involve a form of elaboration or attaching meaning to the information. Examples: The names of the Great Lakes HOMES Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior Order of color coding on electronic resistors: Bad Beer Rots Our Young Guts But Vodka Goes Well (in) Silver Goblets. (Black, Blue, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Brown, Violet, Gray, White, Silver, Gold)

  12. LTM-Types Explicit or Declarative Memory You can explain something in words easily. “How you solve for the area of a square.” Implicit or Procedural Memory You remember it but it is hard to describe. Difficult to put into words. “How you do a lay-up in Basket Ball.”

  13. Encoding in LTM Acoustic sentences, sounds, songs. Visual images. Cognitive maps Semantic facts, concepts, principals Episodic memories of events

  14. Memory Retrival Recall: Searching for information Recognition: Knowing that you have encountered something before. Fastest form of memory retrieval

  15. Forgetting Decay: Lack of retrieval overtime, memory may fade. Interference: Old information is replaced by new information.

  16. Amnesia Temporary of permanent inability to remember. Causes: Physiological-injury Substance Abuse-Alcohol, THC Psychogenic-trauma, emotional shock Types of Amnesia Retro-grade- Can’t form new memories. Anterograde-Can’t access old memories

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