1 / 26

Warm up 37

Warm up 37. If a country has an “Absolute Monarch”, what do you think that means?. Age of Absolutism. http://image.slidesharecdn.com/ageofabsolutism16th19thcentury-100222120725-phpapp02/95/slide-1-728.jpg?cb=1266862092. Spanish Power. Growth of Spanish Dominance

madonna-greene
Download Presentation

Warm up 37

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Warm up 37 If a country has an “Absolute Monarch”, what do you think that means?

  2. Age of Absolutism http://image.slidesharecdn.com/ageofabsolutism16th19thcentury-100222120725-phpapp02/95/slide-1-728.jpg?cb=1266862092

  3. Spanish Power • Growth of Spanish Dominance • Charles V inherits two crowns • 1516 King of Spain (Grandson of • Ferdinand and Isabella) • 1519 King of Hapsburg Empire • Charles V struggles as King • Fought against the spreading of • Protestants (especially in Hapsburg) • Fought against the spread of Muslim/ • Suleiman and Ottoman Empire • Charles V abdicates—gives up the thrones • Tired and disillusioned in 1556 retires • into a monastery • Brother, Ferdinand, is given the rule of • the Hapsburg Empire (Holy Roman • Emperor) • Son, Philip II, is given the rule of Spain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wggerman/map/hapsburg.htm http://tudorhistory.org/people/charles5/charlesv.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain

  4. Philip II • Expanding Spain’s Power • Absolute Monarch- ruler with complete • authority over the government and lives of • the people • Divine right- Authority to rule came • directly from God • Spanish increases wealth • Gold and Silver imported from America • Melted into Spanish coins • Fighting the Protestants/Heretics • Philip II saw himself as the Guardian • of the Roman Catholic Church • Turned the Inquisition against • Protestants and other heretics • Fought many wars against non-Catholics • Ottoman Empire 1571 • Netherlands Region 1570s-80s http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/Lucas-De-Heere/Portrait-Of-Philip-II-1527-1598-King-Of-Spain.html

  5. Spanish Armada • Philip’s Chief Protestant enemy • Queen Elizabeth I, England • Supported the Dutch against Spain • Had sea captains loot and seize Spanish • ships--privateers • Spanish Armada- huge fleet • 1588, Philip sent 130 ships, 20,000 men and • 2400 pieces of artillery to invade England • Spanish armada met the English fleet in the • English Channel. • England’s ships were faster and • outmaneuvered the Spanish Armada • Spanish Armada was soundly defeated • Started the decline of the Spanish Power http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/About-the-Royal-Navy/Organisation/Life-in-the-Royal-Navy/History/Battles/The-Spanish-Armada-1588

  6. Empire in Decline • Empire in Decline • Defeat of the Spanish Armada • Philip’s successors were weak • (Philip III, IV and Charles II) • Economic decline • Overseas wars drained treasury • Many non-Catholics left Spain • (artisans/merchants) • High inflation—too much gold/ • silver came from N. America • Other countries became powerful • Spain’s Golden Age • 1550-1650 • Philip II patron of arts and founded • academies of science and math • El Greco and Diego Velazquez, painter • Cervantes, writer, Don Quixote http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Rey_Carlos_II.jpg http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-2aL35ZApuzc/T2C03R50OYI/AAAAAAAA65Y/Nx_rAhLem20/s400/Andres%2BLopez%2BKing%2BPhilip%2BIII%2Bof%2BSpain%252C%2Bafter%2B1617.jpg http://www.nostalgiastore.co.uk/files/Don-Quixote-Vol-1.jpg http://www.museumsyndicate.com/item.php?item=786

  7. Warm up 38 What are the qualifications you think, one must have in order to be King?

  8. France • Religion Wars • Huguenots-French Protestants vs • Catholics, 1560-1590s • St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, • August 24, 1572 • Catholics invited the Huguenots to • a wedding, which was a plot that • led to 3000 Huguenots being killed • Henry IV • 1589, Prince Henry IV, Huguenot • becomes King…Catholics not happy • To end the conflict, he converts to • Catholicism and… • 1598 Issued the Edict of Nantes to • grant Huguenots religious tolerance http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/King_Henry_IV_of_France.jpg http://www.thenagain.info/Webchron/westeurope/StBart.jpg

  9. French Authority • Child Kings • Henry IV is assassinated in 1610 • His son takes over, Louis XIII, 9 • years old • Louis XIII appoints Cardinal Richelieu • as Chief Minister to help guide him • Main focus was to limit the power • of two groups (or extend royal power) • Nobles • Huguenots • 1643 Louis XIV, 5 years old, takes over as • King http://fc08.deviantart.net/fs70/f/2012/124/6/3/louis_xiii_and_richelieu_by_natalliel-d4yhwo6.jpg http://crossfireamersfoort.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/louis-xiii1.jpg

  10. Louis XIV • King of France for 72 years • Strengthens Royal Power • Revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685 • Many Huguenots fled France • Hurt France’s economy • Patron of the arts • Built the Palace of Versailles • Many elaborate ceremonies held here • Very costly • Strengthens Economy • Appointed intendants- royal officials • to collect taxes • High Tariffs on imports • Creates large/highly disciplined army • Many foreign wars will hurt France http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vu0lHg6_t-c/UmiqSxwnaqI/AAAAAAAAAG0/Jyok-aat-_0/s1600/Versailles3.jpg http://media-3.web.britannica.com/eb-media/95/28295-004-56094D85.jpg http://www.see-and-do-france.com/images/palace_of_versailles_gardens.jpg

  11. Warmup 39 What does it mean if a country is in a “Civil” War

  12. Elizabeth I • Parliament vs Monarchy • Both Henry VIII and Elizabeth I had • a positive relationship with Parliament • 1603 Elizabeth I dies without having a • child • Closest relative was James I, King of • Scotland (Stuart) • Did not have a good relationship • with Parliament • Clashed with dissenters – • Protestants who disagreed with the • Church of England • These dissenters were called Puritans • Puritans left for America • 1625 Charles I (son) took the throne and ruled • like his father as an absolute monarch http://faculty.history.wisc.edu/sommerville/351/351images/charles1.jpg http://www.voyagesphotosmanu.com/Complet/images/james_england.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England

  13. Charles I • Civil War in England • 1628 Charles signed the Rights of Petition • King had to discuss raising taxes with • Parliament before doing so • 1629 Charles I dissolves Parliament and • ignored the Rights of Petition • Made enemies with Puritan by enforcing • strict Anglican Church practices • 1640 Parliament revolted back at Charles I • 1642 Charles I had the army enter the • Parliament and arrest radical members • Most escaped and raised an army • Civil War 1642-1651 Parliament vs Monarchy • over power/authority http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Charles_I_of_England.jpg http://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/history/world-history/taking-sides-parliament-and-the-king

  14. Charles I • Civil War in England • Cavaliers (Charles I) vs Roundheads (Parliament) • Cavaliers were the rich/nobles • Roundheads were the lower classes/Puritans • Roundheads were led by Oliver Cromwell • Oliver Cromwell and the Roundheads defeated • the Cavaliers • King Charles I was put on trial for excessive • abuse of power • Found guilty and condemned to death • January 1649 Charles I gave the order for • his own execution (head severed off) • IMPORTANCE: Parliamentary power increased • and absolute royal power would never exist in • England http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell http://www.information-britain.co.uk/showpic2.php?placeid=555&width=250&dir=famdates

  15. Commonwealth of England • King is dead…who’s next? • Parliament abolished the monarchy, • and Church of England and created • a republic; Commonwealth of England, • led by Oliver Cromwell • Uprising against the Commonwealth • Catholics and Charles II from • Ireland and Scotland • Cromwell led forces into Ireland to • defeat the uprising • Charles II was exiled • Catholics are exiled to a small • section of Ireland • Puritan way under Cromwell • Strict way of life; no drinking, • gambling or dancing. All theatres • were closed. http://www.superstock.com/stock-photos-images/1916-1930

  16. Return of the Monarchy • Restoration of the Monarchy • Oliver Cromwell dies in 1658 • Many people tired of the Puritan way • 1660 Charles II returns from exile and • Parliament reinstates the crown • Reopens taverns and theatres • Accepts the Right of Petition • Re-establish Church of England • Encourages religious tolerance • Even though an absolutist, had a • good relationship with Parliament • 1685 James II takes over as King • (brother) • Tried to enforce Catholic policies • and appoint Catholic officials http://faculty.history.wisc.edu/sommerville/351/351images/charles2.jpg http://faculty.history.wisc.edu/sommerville/351/351images/jamesiibr.jpg

  17. William & Mary • Glorious Revolution—Parliament becomes • more powerful than the Monarchy • Not liking James II, Parliament invites • James daughter and husband to rule • England by force. • 1688 William and Mary lead an army to • get rid of James II. James II flees to France • 1689 English Bill of Rights • Passed by Parliament and accepted by • William and Mary • England becomes a limited monarchy the • Parliament officially more powerful than • the Monarchy http://janeaustensworld.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/william_and_mary.jpg

  18. Warmup 40 • Why was the English Civil War fought? • What were the two sides of the war? • Who won the English Civil War? • What was the importance of the English • Civil War?

  19. Warm up 41 • After Charles V abdicates his throne, who gets • control of the Hapsburg Empire? • What are Russian leaders called? (Title)

  20. Ferdinand/Hapsburgs • 30 Years War • Ferdinand II (Catholic) starts to • repress the Protestant movement • Two Protestant nobles threw • two royal officials out of a • castle window… known as the • Defenestration of Prague • Depopulation- reduction in • population due to war or disease • Mercenaries- Soldiers for hire • 1648 Peace Agreement • Peace of Westphalia • Both sides exhausted • France-Winners, gained land • Hapsburgs-Loser, lost land http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kaiser_Ferdinand_II._1614.jpg http://homepage.smc.edu/buckley_alan/ps7/30_years_war2.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Defenestration-prague-1618.jpg

  21. Maria Theresa • Challenges of Hapsburgs • Lost land during 30 Years War • By 1700s Empire included many • different ethnic groups • Never developed a centralized • government • Maria Theresa takes throne • Charles VI dies without male heir • Maria Theresa, 23 years old, takes • over • Many other countries did not • recognize Maria’s right to throne • War of the Austrian Succession • Frederick II of Prussia seized Austria • land upon Charles VI death • Even though Prussia never left Austria • Maria was victorious in stopping the • Prussians from taking all of Austria http://media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lez83iy0fz1qcn7d7.jpg http://historyonyx.blogspot.com/2012/01/war-of-austrian-succession.html

  22. Prussia • Prussia’s Beginning • After Treaty of Westphalia, the • Hollenzollern Family combined • their lands to create Prussia • Catholic • Frederick William I • Emphasized military • Frederick II • Defeated Hapsburgs for part • of Austria • Became known as Frederick the • Great http://www.britishbattles.com/frederick/hohenfriedeberg/frederick-ii-prussia-l.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prussia http://static.newworldencyclopedia.org/thumb/d/d6/Friedrich_I_of_Prussia.jpg/200px-Friedrich_I_of_Prussia.jpg

  23. Russia • Russia Modernization • Renaissance/Reformation never hits • Russia • Time of Troubles • Foreign invasions/Mongols • Ivan the Terrible dies 1584 • Peter the Great • Takes title of Tsar in 1682, 10 years • old • Travels Europe and realizes • Russia is behind • Westernization- Adoption of western • ideas, technology and culture • Peter met resistance • Tortured and executed people who • resisted http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/fileadmin/historyLearningSite/peter_close2.jpg http://3219a2.medialib.glogster.com/media/20/20a3b83c83e7dcec8c8d73eb9241cd7c7d9568dfa84460a62ee46077c20c313d/peter-the-great-shaving-the-beard-of-an-old-believer.jpg

  24. Wars/ Peter the Great • Wars • Wanted a warm-water port- ice free • all year long • Sought access to Black Sea and • attacked the Ottoman Empire • Peter was unsuccessful, but later • on Catherine the Great would • eventually gain access • Great Northern War • War with Sweden for region • along Baltic Sea • Eventually overpowered the Swedes • Built St. Petersburg on the • land won during the war • Legacy • Died in 1725 with no heirs • Mixed legacy, used terror to get • Russia modernized, increased • serfdom, expanded borders and • created large army

  25. Catherine the Great • Who is next? • Peter died without heirs or • naming next Tsar • Internal struggle existed until.. • Catherine the Great took control • German princess who married • a Russian prince Peter III • Peter III , who was declared • mentally unstable was • murdered by a group of Russian • officers, loyal to Catherine • Like Peter the Great • Supported Westernization • Absolute ruler by terror • Increased serfdom http://historysshadow.wordpress.com/tag/catherine-the-great/ http://www.nndb.com/people/581/000078347/

  26. Catherine the Great/Wars • Wars • Russo-Turkish War, • Gained access to Black Sea (Gained Crimea) • Partition of Poland • Prussia, Russia and Austria • decided to divide Poland and • each take a piece • This happened in 1792, 1793 • and 1795 and Poland was • erased from the map until • after World War I http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rzeczpospolita_Rozbiory_3.png http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Russian_Empire

More Related