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Malay Values and Social Structures: A Cultural Overview

Explore the historical background, social context, and values of Islam shaping Malay identity. Dive into concepts like Budi bahasa, Rasa, and Air Muka. Delve into the hierarchical social structure and values like shame (Malu) and face (Air Muka). Understand the influence of Islam and how it impacts Malay culture and social relationships.

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Malay Values and Social Structures: A Cultural Overview

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  1. CHAPTER 7 MALAY VALUES ORIENTATION

  2. CHAPTER OUTLINES 1. BACKGROUND-Historical 2. SOCIAL CONTEXT/STRUCTURE • Personal level • Social level 3. VALUES • Budi bahasa, shame malu, Rasa concept, Air muka concept 4. RELIGION OF ISLAM

  3. Background • The ancestors from mainland S/East Asia and Indonesian islands around 1500 B.C. • Settled along coastal areas of peninsular Msia. • Political domination from group ruling China, Thailand, and Indonesian island. • 1403: Melaka-the 1st Malay kingdom • 16th century: Portuguese 1511, Dutch 1641. • 19th century: British 1874-1957 straits Settlements. • Malay: Article 16(2): professes Islam religion, speaks Malay language, conforms to Malay customs. • Islam: central to the Malay identity and culture solidarity.

  4. Malay • Malay: Article 16(2): professes Islam religion, speaks Malay language, conforms to Malay customs. • Islam: central to the Malay identity and culture solidarity.

  5. Discussion • Timbulnya pengaruh pelbagai budaya -Baba nyonya, Portugis -Pelbagai etnik dan suku kaum • Islam is central to the Malay -cultural solidarity -Malay entity: Article 16(2): professes Islam religion, speaks Malay language, conforms to Malay customs. Pakaian, ritual

  6. SOCIAL STRUCTURE • Hierarchical and relationship oriented. • Class-based social structure reflects values, specific way in communicating these values • -greetings, panggilan pangkat, anugerah dll. • Ruling class and subject class rakyat

  7. SOCIAL STRUCTURE • Ruling class and subject class rakyat • The Kampung concept -cluster/building -community concept

  8. VALUES • BUDI BAHASA -code of personal -Intellect or kindness • RASA CONCEPT 1. core personality and relates to personal character and social sensitivity as a member of a group -encompassing one’s feelings (sensory and emotional level) and conscience

  9. VALUES DISCUSSION -Rasa concept in a member of a group living in close proximity -Relate interdependently with neighbors on a day-to-day basis -People taught to sense the mood-verbal/nonverbal gestures -Why? -Intellect or kindness

  10. RASA CONCEPT -core personality and relates to personal character and social sensitivity as a member of a group -encompassing one’s feelings (sensory and emotional level) and conscience

  11. VALUES DISCUSSION 2. Demonstrated through key senses -seeing, hearing, smelling, feeling -How to communicate without words? -simpathy, Orang berbudi kita berbahasa -get the sense of what is being said -Why?

  12. VALUES THE MANY WAYS OF RASA • Taste on the tongue • Sensation • Feeling • Think, believe • Intuit • Touch • Memory

  13. VALUES SHAME MALU -has special meaning in then culture -No shame/Tak malu -Malu-high moral SHAME MALU AT PERSONAL LEVEL -occur when see themselves as unfit to be considered as worthy members of a group -Feeling discomfort in the presence of people -Perceived human failings -Withdraw and reluctant to be seen in public (Japan, Dr.Ellie,

  14. VALUES SHAME MALU AT SOCIAL LEVEL -maintaining status and position in th eyes of others -Social judgment/social programming of a Malay Social criticism -Tak tahu malu The result?

  15. VALUES AIR MUKA CONCEPT -Related to malu shame concept -Face relates the communication about respect and dignity How you deal with culture specific-malu? -Face is vital to enhance a person-to-person relationship

  16. RELATED CONCEPTS GIVE FACE-BERI MUKA -acknowledging -respecting In what form? LOSE FACE-JATUH AIR MUKA -Challenged by another person in front of the public -Own actions/inactions How to avoid?

  17. RELATED CONCEPTS SAVE FACE-JAGA AIR MUKA -How to concern? GAIN FACE-DAPAT AIR MUKA -when you aware that your good behavior, speech and dressing is reflective of your image-social status, business position, etc. -Result in showing off

  18. RELATED CONCEPTS THICK FACE-MUKA TEBAL -beyond the shame -Does not care what others think of him -Speak out what he thinks and feels -Strive for getting things done regardless of what other people have to say -What is his concern?-whether his action is effective or not

  19. RELATED CONCEPTS Show face-Tunjuk muka -When he supports another person by being present physically/verbally -Examples?

  20. 3. Religion of Islam • The influence of Islam • Five pillars of Islam • How Islam influence the Malays?Discuss

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