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“Broadband over Power Lines”. Prepared by Muneer Al-Marhoun Abdulrazaq Al-dandan. Outline. Definition Broadband network Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion. Broadband. What is Broadband (BPL)? New technology that offers high speed Internet access service through electric outlets.
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“Broadband over Power Lines” Prepared by Muneer Al-Marhoun Abdulrazaq Al-dandan
Outline • Definition • Broadband network • Advantages • Disadvantages • Conclusion
Broadband • What is Broadband (BPL)? • New technology that offers high speed Internet access service through electric outlets.
Broadband • BPL Modem
Broadband • What is the idea of Broadband? • Transmit data over the unused frequencies of the power lines.
Broadband Network • There are two proposals: 1- In-House BPL 2- Access BPL
Broadband Network • BPL uses power grid. • Power grid consists of power lines, generators, substations, transformers and other distributors.
Broadband Network • Transmitting broadband through power grid • Problems 1- High-Voltage Lines
Broadband Network • The range of high voltage is from 155,000 to 765,000 volts. • High voltages don’t have a constant frequency. • High voltages cause degradation of signals.
Broadband Network • How can BPL overcome this problem? • BPL uses medium-voltage power lines. • Medium-voltage lines is 7,200 volts. • Degradation is reduced.
Broadband Network 2- Degradation • Use repeaters on the transmission lines 3- Transformers • Data can't pass through transformers.
Broadband Network • BPL Protocols • BPL suffers from high error rates. • CDMA and OFDM are used.
Broadband Network • There are two conditions to implement MAC: 1- The distance between nodes has no limits In this case, CSMA/CD is removed 2- More than one node may send data at the same time Here, CSMA/CA is used
BPL Advantages • The backbone infrastructure already exists in the form of the electric power grid: • Low cost
BPL Advantages • Power lines can reach every consumer: • homes in extremely remote areas. • areas that cannot get DSL cable or wireless broadband.
BPL Advantages • Bandwidth comparable to or better than DSL: • 2 Mbps up to 10 Mbps • May be sufficient to support VoIP • Doubled in the next generation
BPL Disadvantages • Standardization: • There is not yet an IEEE standard for BPL. • Single-carrier technologies (CDMA). • Multicarrier modulations (OFDM). • Some vendors’ BPL transceivers may interfere with each other in high deployment rate.
BPL Disadvantages • Security: • Transmits on a shared medium (copper cable). • Many homes are connected to the same line. • Easier to hack sensitive data.
BPL Disadvantages • Electric suppliers can have radial distribution feeders that are many miles long: • Many signal regenerators or repeaters must be combined in series to provide an acceptable performance. • Many regenerators in series may cause a reliability issue. If a mid-stream device fails, all subscribers beyond that point will be out of service.
BPL Disadvantages • Power systems are inappropriate electromagnetic environments for broadband communications: • Network characteristics and devices ( impedances, grounding, regulators, capacitors) can affect signal strength and quality. • Nearby high frequency radiation sources may cause high frequency noise that interferes with BPL.
BPL Disadvantages • Power systems are inappropriate physical environments for broadband communications equipment. • Equipment will be exposed to extreme weather. • Equipment will be exposed to lightning.
