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This article covers the events of World War II Part II, focusing on America's attack at Pearl Harbor and the subsequent war in the Pacific. It explores the Bataan Death March, the Battle of the Coral Sea, and the crucial Battle of Midway. The article also discusses key figures such as Joseph Rochefort and General Douglas MacArthur. Additionally, it covers the North African Campaign, including Operation Torch and the Battle of El Alamein. Finally, it touches on the Allied invasion of Italy and the capture and execution of Mussolini.
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America Attacked; War in the Pacific (Dec. 1941 – June 1942)
PEARL HARBOR: ON DECEMBER 7TH 1941 THE JAPANESE LAUNCHED A SNEAK ATTACK ON US MILITARY FACILITIES IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. THE US WAS CAUGHT UNPREPARED AND MUCH DAMAGE WAS DONE.
U.S. SURRENDERS THE PHILIPPINES AND OVER 70,000 AMERICAN AND FILIPINO SOLDIERS GO INTO JAPANESE CAPTIVITY WHERE MANY DIED OF MALNUTRITION AND MISTREATMENT.
BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA MAY 7-8, 1942 Japanese Fleet US Fleet AUSTRALIA
THE UNITED STATES STRIKES BACK: THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY, JUNE 1942 WHERE THE JAPANESE WOULD STRIKE AFTER CORAL SEA WAS THE CRUCIAL QUESTION. THE US HAD THREE CARRIERS TO COUNTER ANY JAPANESE OFFENSIVE MOVE BUT THEY NEEDED TO KNOW WHERE THEY SHOULD BE SENT. JOSEPH ROCHEFORT: NAVAL INTELLIGENCE OFFICER WHO LED THE TEAM THAT BROKE THE JAPANESE MILITARY CODE “PURPLE” THAT ALLOWED THE US TO READ 10% TO 15% OF THEIR CODE AND ALLOWED THE US TO PLAN FOR A JAPANESE ATTACK ON THE US BASE ON MIDWAY ISLAND.
General Douglas McArthur • Fought in WWI, WWII, and the Korean War • General in the Pacific theatre of WWII • Won Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines • Accepted Japan’s surrender at the end of the war • Oversaw American occupation of Japan from 1945 – 1951 • Buried in Norfolk, VA
NORTH AFRICA, SICILY AND ITALY THE WAR IN NORTH AFRICA BEGAN WHEN ITALIAN TROOPS ATTACKED BRITISH TROOPS IN EGYPT IN SEPTEMBER 1940. THE BRITISH COUNTER ATTACKED IN DECEMBER AND EASILY DEFEATED THE ITALIANS.
Operation Torch German General Rommel “the Desert Fox” American General Eisenhower
General Dwight Eisenhower Served in WWI 5 Star General Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in WWII 1st Supreme Commander of NATO 34th POTUS Launched the Space Race
Erwin Rommel Most famous German field marshal of WWII Led German North Africa campaign, and fought Allies in Normandy, France (D-Day) Very popular amongst the German people, and often critical of the Nazi party
Erwin Rommel • Despite Hitler’s suspicions, no evidence proves that Rommel was involved in any conspiracy to assassinate Hitler • Rommel was given the choice, in 1944, to face the People’s Court for his alleged involvement in an anti-military campaign or to commit suicide
Erwin Rommel If he committed suicide, his family would not be disgraced and he would die a German hero He chose suicide by poison Rommel is the only member of the Third Reich establishment to have a museum dedicated to him
Battle of El Alamein (Egypt) Allies halted the second advance by Axis forces into Egypt (66 mi from Alexandria) Axis Commander: Erwin Rommel Allied Commander: British General Claude Auchinleck July 1942
The Allied invasion of Italy began in 1943 and was still in progress when Germany surrendered in 1945. The Italian campaign had little impact on the overall outcome of the war.
Mussolini Tried to escape to Switzerland during Allied invasion Was caught and executed by Italian communists in April 1945
