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Introduction to : The Great War World War I

Introduction to : The Great War World War I. “ The War to end all Wars” “ The War to make the world safe for Democracy”. World seemed at peace. People joined antiwar groups Leaders met to talk First Modern Olympic games (1869) Nobel Peace Prize – work toward Universal Peace Conference

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Introduction to : The Great War World War I

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  1. Introduction to : The Great War World War I “ The War to end all Wars” “ The War to make the world safe for Democracy”

  2. World seemed at peace • People joined antiwar groups • Leaders met to talk • First Modern Olympic games (1869) • Nobel Peace Prize – work toward • Universal Peace Conference • Other forces pushed Europe toward war

  3. Causes: MAIN M=Militarism A=Alliances I= Imperialism N=Nationalism

  4. Group Work

  5. Imperialism • Spurred by industrial revolution • Steam powered merchant ships and naval vessels needed bases around the world to take on coal and supplies • Scramble for colonies

  6. Militarism • German pride in military and industry • French anger toward Germany for earlier losses • Russian loyalty to all Slavic people • Arms race and stirred national feelings against rival countries • Total defense expenditures increase • Glorifying the military

  7. Nationalism • Strong nationalism in Germany and France • Bonded countries together • Split others apart • Ottoman Empire • Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania gained independence • Serbia’s dream of independence would take land away from Austria-Hungary and Turkey

  8. Nationalism • The French were bitter about their defeat in the Franco-Prussian War • Russia created powerful nationalism with Pan-Slavism • All Slavic peoples shared a common nationality • Felt need to lead and defend all Slavs • Supported Serbia in creating a Slav state

  9. Alliances • Distrust led the great powers to sign treaties pledging to defend one another • Creation of fear to attack • Increased tensions

  10. Alliances • Triple Entente: Allied Powers • Russia • France • Great Britain • Serbia • Romania • Belgium • Greece • Portugal • Montenegro • Italy ** • Triple Alliance: Central Powers • Germany • Austria-Hungry • Ottoman Empire • Bulgaria

  11. Alliances • The alliance system pulled one nation after another into the conflict Country Ally Reason for Entered War

  12. The Powder Keg • 1912 • Several Balkan states attacked Turkey and succeeded in taking over land • Balkan states also fought among each other • Tensions were raised • By 1914, the Balkans were called the “Powder Keg of Europe”

  13. Article

  14. Warm Up • What were the MAIN causes of WWI • What does each letter stand for? • What is one example from yesterday under each? • What caused Austro-Hungary to declare war on Serbia? • How did other nations get involved?

  15. The Spark! Archduke Franz Ferdinand & his family

  16. The Assassination • June 1914 • Sarajevo (Bosnian capital) • Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austrian throne) and wife Sophie killed • Serbian nationalist GavriloPrincip (Black Hand Group) was the killer • Austria-Hungry declares war on Serbia

  17. What was that about? • Ottoman Empire in decline • Nations had formed out of Ottoman territory • Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia (Slavic) • Serbia wanted to extend boundaries into Austria-Hungary • In 1908, Austria-Hungary took Bosnia (lots of Slavic people there) • Serbia upset, Black Hand wanted to rid Bosnia of all Austria-Hungry power

  18. New Weapons of War • Airplane • Machine Gun • Poison gas • Tanks

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