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ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND PLANT NUTRITION

ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND PLANT NUTRITION. Dr. Péter Csathó. ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND PLANT NUTRITION    1. History of agriculture and soil fertility 2. Basic principles and methods of soil tests (30 slides)

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ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND PLANT NUTRITION

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  1. ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND PLANT NUTRITION Dr. PéterCsathó

  2. ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND PLANT NUTRITION    1. History of agriculture and soil fertility 2. Basic principles and methods of soil tests (30 slides) 3. Principles and methods of plant analysis4. Types of Plant Nutrition Experiments5. Principles and method of nutrient balance 6. Plant nutrition and environmental aspectsof soil pH and lime status 7. Assessing of organic farming from the aspect of sustainable plant nutrition 8. The environmental aspects of plant nutrition9. Heavy metal load of agricultural production related to plants nutrition 10. The basics of environmentally sound plant nutrition advisory system : Evaluation of the database of Hungarian long-term field NPK fertilization experiments 11. The structure of environmentally sound plant nutrition advisory system 12. Comparative evaluation of the environmentally sound plant nutrition advisory system, and its application in case of some farms

  3. 10. The basics of environmentally sound plant nutrition advisory system : Evaluation of the database of Hungarian long-term field NPK fertilization experiments ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY POWER PLANTS

  4. Fertilizer consumption in Hungary, 1901-2010(According to CSO data)

  5. The annual agronomic NPK balance of rural areas in Hungary, 1901-2010.

  6. Cumulated agronomic NPK balance of rural areas in Hungary, 1901-2010.

  7. Changes in the soil AL-P2O5content in a P aftereffect experiment. Calcareous Chernozem, 1972-1990 (Csathó and Kadar 2002)

  8. „Fresh" P and K equivalents ofphosphorus and potassium aftereffectsCalcareous Chernozem, 1972-2004(Csathó, 2005)

  9. Number of soil tests in Hungary, 1981-2010

  10. Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  11. Correlations between soil AL-P2O5 content and the winter wheat grain yield on a loam soil with 5% CaCO3 content. Chernozem, Nagyhörcsök. (Csathó 1985) 11. The structure of the environment-friendly plant advisory system

  12. Nitrogen-response experiments

  13. Y '= 100 (1-10-CX); n = 63; Y '= 1 / (ax + b); n = 63 c: = 0.2913; r = 0.61 a = 0.30; b = 0.33; r = 0.50 Relationship between the humus content of the N-control (PK) parcels and the relative yield and yield surplus of winter wheat . national database of the field trials, 1960-2000 (Csathó, 2003) 10 Fundamentals of environmentally friendly crop nutrition advisory system: Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  14. Y '= 100 (1-10-CX); n = 68; Y '= 1 / (ax + b); n = 68 c: = 0.3195; r = 0.59 a = 0.25; b = 0.20; r = 0.55 Relationship between the humus content of the N-control (PK) parcels and the relative yield and yield surplus of maize. national database of the field trials, 1960-2000 (Csathó, 2003) 10 Fundamentals of environmentally friendly crop nutrition advisory system: Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  15. Y '= 100 (1-10-CX); n = 24; Y '= 1 / (ax + b); n = 24 c: = 0.8191; r = 00:33 a = 0:01; b = 2.47; r = 12:00 Relationship between the humus content of the N-control (PK) parcels and the relative yield and yield surplus of alfalfa. national database of the field trials, 1960-2000 (Csathó, 2003) 10 Fundamentals of environmentally friendly crop nutrition advisory system: Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  16. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) • Effect of N in field wheat experiments

  17. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) • Effect of N in field maize experiments

  18. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of N in field alfalfa experiments

  19. New N supply categories for N-consumingplants (Not legumes) on the basis of soil organic matter content (Csathó, 2003). The data are based on the realtionships of the HungarianN-effectfield experiments(Csathó, 2003) N – supply categories (humus %) texture v. weak weak meadium good v. good excess sand ≤ 0,60 0,61-1,20 ≥ 1,21 - - - sandy loam ≤ 1,40 1,41-2,00 2,01-2,60 ≥ 2,61 - - loam ≤ 1,80 1,81-2,40 2,41-3,20 3,21-3,80 ≥ 3,81 - clay loam ≤ 2,00 2,01-2,60 2,61-3,40 3,41-4,00 4,01-4,60 ≥4,61 clay ≤ 2,20 2,21-2,80 2,81-3,60 3,61-4,20 4,21-4,80 ≥4,81

  20. New N supply categories for less N-consumingplants ( legumes) on the basis of soil organic matter content (Csathó, 2003). The data are based on the realtionships of the HungarianN-effectfield experiments(Csathó, 2003) N – supply categories (humus %) texture v. weak weak medium good v. good excess sand ≤ 0,40 0,41-0,60 0,61-1,20 ≥ 1,21 - - s. loam ≤ 1,00 1,01-1,40 1,41-2,00 2,01-2,60 ≥ 2,61 - loam ≤ 1,40 1,41-1,80 1,81-2,40 2,41-2,20 3,21-3,80 ≥ 3,81 clay loam ≤ 1,60 1,61-2,00 2,01-2,60 2,61-3,40 3,41-4,00 ≥ 4,01 clay ≤ 1,80 1,81-2,20 2,21-2,80 2,81-3,60 3,61-4,20 ≥ 4,21

  21. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of N in field winter wheat experiments

  22. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of N in field maize experiments

  23. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of N in field alfalfa experiments

  24. Distribution ofHungarian soils based on their organic matter / humus content (Chickenpox et al. 1987)

  25. The texture of Hungarian soils

  26. Phosphorus-response experiments

  27. Y '= 100 (1-10-CX); n = 145; Y '= 1 / (ax + b); n = 145 c: = 0.0087; r = 0.64 a = 0.010; b = 00:33; r = 0.60 Acidic soils: empty symbols; calcareous soils: full marks Relationship between the AL-P2O5 content of the P-control (NK) parcels and the relative yield and yield surplus of winter wheat . national database of the field trials, 1960-2000 (Csathó, 2003) 10 Fundamentals of environmentally friendly crop nutrition advisory system: Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  28. Y '= 100 (1-10-CX); n = 83; Y '= 1 / (ax + b); n = 83c: = 0.0216; r = 0.67 a = 0.040; b = -0.19; r = 0.68 Acidic soils: empty symbols; calcareous soils: full marks Relationship between the AL-P2O5 content of the P-control (NK) parcels and the relative yield and yield surplus of maize . national database of the field trials, 1960-2000 (Csathó, 2003) 10 Fundamentals of environmentally friendly crop nutrition advisory system: Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  29. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of P in field winter wheat experiments

  30. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) • Effect of P in field maize experiments

  31. Medium P supply categories for P-consumingplants on the basis of soil AL-P2O5 content (Csathó, 2003). The data are based on the relationships of the Hungarian P-effectfield experiments(Csathó, 2003) pH(KCl) CaCO3% Medium P - supply (AL-P2O5 mg/kg) sand s. loam loam l. clay clay 3,5-5,5 0 79-116 74-108 68-100 63-93 59-86 5,6-6,5 0 81-119 75-111 70-103 65-95 61-89 0,1-1 103-145 92-127 86-119 81-111 76-105 1,1-5 128-172 119-161 111-150 104-140 97-131 5,1-10 146-198 137-185 128-172 119-160 111-150 10,1-20 168-227 157-212 146-198 137-184 128-172 20,1- 176-238 165-223 154-207 143-194 134-181

  32. Medium P supply categories for less P-consumingplants on the basis of soil AL-P2O5 content (Csathó, 2003). The data are based on the relationships of the Hungarian P-effectfield experiments(Csathó, 2003) pH(KCl) CaCO3% Medium P – supply (AL-P2O5 mg/kg) sand s.loam loam l. clay clay 3,5-5,5 0 39-78 36-73 34-67 31-62 29-58 5,6-6,5 0 40-80 37-74 35-69 32-64 30-60 0,1-1 59-102 55-91 51-85 48-80 45-75 1,1-5 81-127 76-118 71-110 66-103 62-96 5,1-10 93-145 87-136 81-127 76-118 71-110 10,1-20 106-167 99-156 93-145 87-136 81-127 20,1- 112-175 104-164 97-153 91-142 85-133

  33. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of P in field winter wheat experiments

  34. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of P in field maize experiments

  35. The distribution of Hungarian soils based on their AL-P2O5 content in mg / kg (Chickenpox et al. 1987)

  36. Soil pH

  37. Potassium response experiments

  38. Y '= 100 (1-10-CX); n = 59; Y '= 1 / (ax + b); n = 59 c: = 0.0153; r = 0.67 a = 0.04; b = -0.29; r = 0.72 Relationship between the AL-K2O content of the K-control (NP) plots and the relative yield and yield surplus of winter wheat . national database of the field trials, 1960-2000 (Csathó, 2003) 10 Fundamentals of environmentally friendly crop nutrition advisory system: Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  39. Y '= 100 (1-10-CX); n = 86; Y '= 1 / (ax + b); n = 86 c: = 0.0083; r = 0.77 a = 0.01; b = -0.02; r = 0.70 Relationship between the AL-K2O content of the K-control (NP) plots and the relative yield and yield surplus of maize . national database of the field trials, 1960-2000 (Csathó, 2003) 10 Fundamentals of environmentally friendly crop nutrition advisory system: Evaluation of the Hungarian field NPK fertilizer database of long-term experiments

  40. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2005) Effect of K in field winter wheat experiments

  41. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2005) Effect of K in field maize experiments

  42. New K supply categories for K-consumingplants on the basis of the soil AL-K2O content .The data are based on the realtionships of the HungarianN-effectfield experiments(Csathó, 2005) K – supply categories (AL-K2O mg/kg) texture v. weak weak medium good v. good excess sand ≤ 60 61-90 91-120 121-160 161-200 ≥201 s. Loam ≤100 101-140 141-170 171-220 221-270 ≥271 loam ≤120 121-150 151-180 181-230 231-290 ≥291 c.Loam ≤130 131-160 161-190 191-250 251-310 ≥311 clay ≤140 141-170 171-200 201-260 261-320 ≥321

  43. New K supply categories for low K-consumingplants on the basis of the soil AL-K2O content .The data are based on the realtionships of the HungarianN-effectfield experiments(Csathó, 2005) K – supply categories (AL-K2O mg/kg) texture very weak weak medium good very good excess sand ≤ 40 41-60 61-90 91-120 121-160 ≥161 s. Loam ≤ 80 81-100 101-140 141-170 171-220 ≥221 loam ≤100 101-120 121-150 151-180 181-230 ≥231 Clay loam ≤110 111-130 131-160 161-190 191-250 ≥251 clay ≤120 121-140 141-170 171-200 201-260 ≥261

  44. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2003) Effect of K in field winter wheat experiments

  45. Forecast of cropsurplus and shortages (Csathó, 2005) Effect of K in field maize experiments

  46. The distribution of soils in Hungary AL-K2O-based content, mg / kg (chickenpox et al. 1987)

  47. Soil texture

  48. The effect of N, P and K on the relative yield of maize.and winter wheat, Hungarian N, P and K-response experiments database , 1960-2006 MAIZE WINTER WHEAT

  49. The soils K supply categories based on AL-K2O values grouped by texture The data are based on the realtionships of the Hungarian maize K-effectfield experiments(Csathó, 2005)

  50. Field crops average N, P, respectively. K-effects of domestic fertilizer field trials. (Csathó, 2003) N-effectsP-effectsK-effects Plant Relative Yield- Relative Yield - Relatív Yield yield ,% surplus, t/ha yield,% surplus, t/ha yield,% surplus, t/ha (PK/NPK) (NPK-PK) (NK/NPK) (NPK-NK) (NP/NPK) (NPK-NP) Pea (KPN) 84 0.25 85 0.50 70 0.53 Potato (NPK) 75 4.21 85 2.77 89 2.50 Sorghum (PKN) 80 0.35 83 0.58 81 0.48 Sugar beet (NEP) 88 6.16 96 1.77 94 3.20 Hemp (NEP) 821.24 94 0.45 90 0.62 Maize (NEP) 771.38 95 0.25 90 0.61 Alfalfa (PNK) 95 0.48 91 0.83 96 0.33 Mustard (NPK) 65 0.74 80 0.45 93 0.16 Sunflower (NEP) 77 0.89 90 0.29 86 0.39 linseed (NPK) 88 0.23 95 0.08 94 0.10 Winter barley (NPK) 69 1.77 78 0.87 96 0.13 Winter wheat (NPK) 74 1.06 82 0.78 97 0.13 Rape (NPK) 57 0.78 84 0.27 100 0.00 Rye (NPK) 56 0.78 77 0.54 90 0.28 Soy (NEP) 86 0.31 100 0.00 94 0.13 spring barley (NPK) 74 0.86 84 0.68 95 0.14 triticale (NEP) 76 0.73 100 0.00 95 0.29 oat (NPK) 85 0.62 94 0.23 100 0.00

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