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Joints

Joints. Hip region Knee region Ankle region. Hip region. sacroiliac joints. hip joint. pubic symphysis. Hip region. Hip region. hip joint. Knee region. Knee joint. Menisci Medial meniscus lateral meniscus

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Joints

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  1. Joints • Hip region • Knee region • Ankle region

  2. Hip region sacroiliac joints hip joint pubic symphysis

  3. Hip region

  4. Hip region hip joint

  5. Knee region Knee joint • MenisciMedial meniscus lateral meniscus • Ligaments Cruciate ligaments Collateral ligaments Patellar ligament oblique popliteal ligament • Joint capsuleSynovial membrane Fibrous membrane

  6. Knee region Minisci : fibrocartilaginous ‘shock absorbers’

  7. semilunar cartilages

  8. Knee region Attachments

  9. Knee region 1. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why?

  10. Knee region Ligaments • anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) • posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) • medial collateral ligament (MCL, tibial collateral ligament) • lateral collateral ligament (LCL , fibular collateral ligament) • oblique popliteal ligament • ligamentum patellae

  11. Knee region Cruciate ligaments ACL: Anteromedial part of the intercondylar area of tibia to inner aspect of lateralcondyle of femur. PCL: Posterolateral part of the intercondylar area of the tibia to inner aspect of medialcondyle of femur.

  12. Knee region AnteriorCruciate ligament prevents anterior displacement of the tibia in relation to femur in flexion.

  13. Knee region PosteriorCruciate ligament prevents posterior displacement of the tibia in relation to femur in extension.

  14. Knee region How to test ACL and PCL? Drawer sign test

  15. Knee region Anterior Drawer Test for ACL • Physician Position & Movements • Patient Position Note direction of forces

  16. Knee region Posterior Drawer Testing- PCL Note direction of forces

  17. Knee region Collateral ligaments

  18. Knee region MCL attaches to the medial meniscus 2. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why?

  19. Knee region Collateral ligaments action • Protect the knee joint from bending side to side. • Helps the locking mechanism

  20. Knee region 3. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why?

  21. Knee region Locking mechanism:less energy to maintain the standing position • Medial rotation of femur on the tibia during full extension tightencolateral ligaments.

  22. Knee region Locking mechanism (2) • Joint surfaces become larger and more stable in extension.

  23. Knee region Locking mechanism (3) • body's center of gravity is positioned along a vertical line that passes anterior to the knee joint.

  24. Knee region Collateral ligaments test

  25. Knee region Test for MCL Note Direction Of Forces

  26. Knee region Test for LCL Note direction of forces

  27. Knee region Patellar ligament Strengthening Anterior Aspect of Knee Joint

  28. Knee region oblique popliteal ligament

  29. Knee region Review • (1) patellar ligament • (2) tibial (medial) collateral ligament • (3) fibular (lateral ) collateral ligament • (4) medial meniscus • (5) lateral meniscus • (6) anterior cruciate ligament • (7) posterior cruciate ligament

  30. Knee region Joint fibrous capsule

  31. Knee region Joint synovial membrane

  32. Knee region

  33. Knee region Bursa • little fluid sacs that helps the muscles and tendons slide freely:PrepatellarInfrapatellarSuprapatellar

  34. Knee region Bursa

  35. Knee region Prepatellar Bursitis

  36. Ankle region • Ankle joint (talocrural joint) • Subtalarjoint (ST J.) • Talocalcaneonavicular joint (TCN J.)

  37. The ankle, or talocrural joint • Needs ligaments!

  38. Lateral ligament s of talocrural joint

  39. Medial ligament s of talocrural joint

  40. The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a hinge joint • Plantar Flexion • Dorsi Flexion Inversion/Eversion?

  41. Intertarsal joint: • Subtalar joint (ST J.) • Talocalcaneonavicular joint (TCN J.) • Calcaneocuboid (small rotation) • Naviculoconeiforms (almost no movement)

  42. Calcaneous bone

  43. Calcaneous bone

  44. Subtalar joint

  45. Lateral

  46. Medial

  47. sustentaculumtali (talar shelf) fracture

  48. Subtalar joint

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