History of Canada’s Past Population Description of Canada’s Current/Future Population

1. Lecture Overview • History of Canada’s Past Population • Description of Canada’s Current/Future Population • Definitions of concepts

2. Description of Canada’s Past • Why learn about the history of racialized groups? • Stephan & Stephan 02 • Cultural Circles Exercise • Similar to Qs: Why learn about own culture?

3. Review and next… • History of Canada’s Past Population • Description of Canada’s Population in 2006 vs 2031 • Implications of Canada’s Future Population • Some definitions

4. Past vs. Future of Foreigners in Canadian Population • Why • Immigration • Higher fertility of VM • Younger age structure of VM 03/9/2010 Canada Census Report

5. Implications of Forecasts of Foreign Born • By Foreign Born • For… • Recruitment • Community Services • Of Certification processes • Adaptation Services • Service Industries

6. Past vs. Future of Visible Minorities in Canadian Population • Why • Higher fertility of VM (also S. Asian) • Younger age structure of VM • 32.5 (VM) vs. 40 *Visible Minorities= non-whites, non Aboriginals

7. Location Visible Minorities by Metropolitan Areas *Visible Minorities= non-whites, non Aboriginals

8. Implications of Forecasts of VM , VM by Metropolitan Area • For… • Recruitment • Community Services • Service Industries

9. Past vs. Future of Religious Persuasion Canadian Population • Implications • Organizational Practices for religious Accommodation

10. Review and what’s next • Description of Canada’s Past Population • Description of Canada’s Current & Future Population • Definitions of concepts • Race • Discrimination • Stereotyping • Prejudice

11. What is Race • An old classification system based on • Skin colour • Bodily features • Accent/speech • Name • Clothing/grooming • Diet • Beliefs/practices • Leisure preferences • Place of origin • Citizenship

12. Problems with concept of Race • Lack of scientific evidence for racial classification system • Differences within races on important characteristics are greater than those between races • Social belief in existence of race has persisted despite lack of scientific proof

13. What is not Race? • Difference between race &…. • Gender • Discrimination, prejudice, stereotyping • Other cultural characteristics (e.g., individualism) • Use test of amt of differences between vs. within groups

14. What is discrimination? • Discrimination • When similar or better qualified applicant… • Does not get job applied for • Gets job below qualification • Receives lower pay for same job Krauss in NYT

15. What is discrimination? • Unequal treatment or behavior toward members of different groups (Stephan & Stephan 02) • Distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on group membership impairing human rights (Human rights doc) • Impose burdens not imposed on others • Withhold or limit access to benefits available to others

16. Examples of Discrimination • Individual • E.g., behaviors like different performance ratings for members of different groups all else being equal • Institutional • Policies, practices, procedures that disadvantage members of some groups • Unequal representation in upper & middle layers of administration, economic & media institutions Compare with Brief et al

17. Examples of Discrimination • Societal • Group differences in • Poverty • Imprisonment • Access to employment, housing, healthcare

18. Prejudice Discrimination Stereotype Stephan & Stephan 02

19. What are stereotypes • Associating members of certain groups with certain characteristics • E.g., Perceived to be alike in some way (i.e. have similar traits) • E.g., Most Asians are “smart”, “geeky”, “have similar eye size” • Can be positive or negative • Can be true/false of group &/ individual • Implications for functionality Stephan & Stephan 02

20. Examples of Stereotypes • Confusing one member of group for another • Believing them to be similar in personality or behavior • E.g., editors vs. journalists • Assuming characteristics of individual based on group membership • E.g., assuming your are nanny because you are Filipino, • E.g. Assuming non-Whites are not Canadian citizens or were not born in canada Wong’s Globe & Mail

21. What are not stereotypes? • Prejudice • Negative feelings (e.g., dislike) toward someone because of group they belong to • Discrimination • Behavior/outcome Wong in Globe & Mail; Krauss in NYT

22. What are not stereotypes • Culturally valid characteristics • e.g., collectivism • Asians score higher (in general) on collectivism, • Any single Asian may not score higher than a non-Asian on collectivism • Scores on collectivism can be reliably measured • Scores on collectivism are related to important other characteristics

23. What is racism/prejudice? • Negative attitudes • Negative evaluations & feelings • E.g., Evaluations: They are bad… • Feelings: I hate.. • Stephan & Stephan 02 • Compare w/Human Rights doc definitions • Racism vs. prejudice has notion of power • Sociologically based

24. Prejudice Negative Feelings Negative Thoughts Negative Associations Stereotypes Positive Associations

25. Today’s learning • A brief history of visible minority groups in Canada • What will be the nature of Canada’s population? • Compare & contrast the concepts of • Race • Stereotyping • Prejudice • Discrimination